Best Health

Prone to Bruises? Here’s How this Daisy Doppelgänger Can Help You Heal

Renée Reardin — Mon, 22 May 2023 11:00:31 +0000

For many years, my legs were covered in marks and bruises. The lightest graze against an object would turn them black and blue. But recently I tried a cream that promises to quickly remedy scars and bruises, and now my legs are almost completely mark-free. Whats the magical ingredient? Its just a plant, actually, called arnica montana.(Related: What the Colour of Your Bruise Is Trying to Tell You)Arnica isnt simply another buzzy skin-care ingredient thats popped up on TikTok (were looking at you, snail mucin). This herb, a perennial that features canary-yellow flowers, has been used for medicinal purposes since at least the 1500s. Why? Well, according to Christiane Laberge, a family doctor in Montreal, theres nothing elsenatural or otherwisequite like it.Laberge says the superpower of this plant is that it can help accelerate the healing process and is proven to be harmless, as long as its used correctly. Arnica isnt intended to replace conventional and doctor-prescribed medicines, but is instead used alongside them to help alleviate discomfort. Still, not that many people in Canada and the U.S. know about it.In France, 40 percent of doctors prescribe it regularly to treat bruising and swelling, says Laberge. But in Canada, doctors can only suggest it. Although Health Canada reviews all homeopathic products (like arnica) that are available in the country to make sure theyre safe, doctors are only able to prescribe therapies recognized by evidence-based protocols or results supported by scientific societies, says Laberge. However, she adds, in cases where conventional medicine has nothing to offer in terms of a cure, doctors can suggest certain homeopathic substances.Arnica can be used in two ways: as a topical treatment or as a diluted oral remedy. As a topical, it comes in the form of a cream or ointment that can be applied to the skin to treat bruises as well as sprains, sore muscles, wounds, inflammation from insect bites and swelling from broken bones. All you need to do is apply it up to three times a day to the tender area and repeat for a few days until the mark or discomfort fades.As a diluted oral remedy, it comes in capsules to swallow or tiny sweet-tasting pellets to dissolve under the tongue. Like the cream, these supplements can help treat sore muscles, bruises and swelling and can be taken as frequently as needed, lessening the dose as the pain is soothed. (Arnica in plant form is risky to consume, which is why homeopathic supplements are extremely diluted and therefore considered safe.)Although arnica cant be prescribed by doctors in Canada, some highly recommend it, including plastic surgeons. When its taken orally, it helps reduce inflammation, bruising and swelling, which all lead to pain, says Jamil Ahmad, a plastic surgeon in Mississauga. What that means is that feweror noadditional pain medications may be required to soothe discomfort. Ahmad says he and the other doctors in his clinic recommend arnica in part to reduce patients need for narcotics like OxyContin or Percocet, particularly because theyve been overprescribed, overused and shown to be highly addictive. In some cases, patients can alleviate their post-operative pain with a combination of acetaminophen (a.k.a. Tylenol) and arnica.Surgery patients who use arnica supplements typically take them before their procedure and immediately after, until the discomfort subsides. That helps to reduce the onset of swelling, or the development of swelling, and also helps address it once its there, says Ahmad. Topical arnica can be used immediately after surgery to help reduce bruises and swelling in areas without any open wounds. For example, its sometimes recommended before and after rhinoplasty to help heal bruising and swelling around the eyes and nose. And it really worksa 2019 study by the Annals of Plastic Surgery saw a decrease in postoperative swelling for patients who used arnica after surgery on the nose.Arnica should be used according to the directions on the label, or following the advice of your practitioner. The capsules come in different forms, such as 6c, 15c and 30c (the c standing for Hahnemannian centesimal scale unit of dilutions)the higher the number, the stronger the supplement, making it better suited for more severe discomfort. While arnica cream or ointment may cause skin irritation, its extremely rare.Ahmad says that he routinely prescribes oral arnica to patients undergoing surgery, and sometimes prescribes topical arnica. In his 13 years of practicing at his clinic, which sees about 1,000 patients annually, Ahmad says hes never dealt with any adverse reaction from either form of arnica.Arnica topicals and supplements are available at most Canadian health food stores and pharmacies. My own go-tos are from French company Boironit makes all its products in a factory located just outside of Lyon, using freshly harvested arnica. Today, I try to always keep arnica cream or pellets nearbyjust in case a table leg or bedpost jumps in my path, again.Laberge is a convert, too. I always have it in my purse. Whenever she has a small accident, Larberge takes a few arnica pellets immediately to help reduce pain, inflammation and other trauma from the injury. Is it 100 percent effective at reducing pain? I would say no, but it helps, she says.Next: These All-Natural Home Remedies Can Help Boost Your Energy

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The Best Face and Body Drugstore Sunscreens for All Skin Types

Alicia Cox Thomson — Thu, 18 May 2023 15:00:38 +0000

Best Drugstore Face Sunscreen for Dry Skin: Neutrogena Ultra Sheer Moisturizing Face Serum Sunscreen SPF 50+

This powerful and hydrating sunscreen is light and quick to absorb into the skin. It’s a smart choice for dry skin thanks to added vitamin E, which helps to maintain the skin’s moisture barrier and keeps it hydrated all day. It goes on and dries clear and is water resistant, with SPF 50+ and UVA and UVB protection.Neutrogena Ultra Sheer Moisturizing Face Serum Sunscreen SPF 50+ $21, shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Drugstore Face Sunscreen for Sensitive Skin: Consonant Skincare The Perfect Sunscreen SPF 30

This 100 percent natural sunscreen is mineral-based, but the zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are micronizedmeaning, they’re transformed into tiny particles so they wont irritate sensitive skin. Grape seed oil and aloe leaf extract soothe skin to hydrate it without greasiness or chemicals. It’s lightly tinted and doesn’t deliver a white cast after drying.Consonant Skincare The Perfect Sunscreen SPF 30, $45, shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Drugstore Face Sunscreen for Oily Skin: La Roche-Posay Anthelios Ultra-Fluid Face Sunscreen Lotion SPF50

Avoid feeling greasy even on the hottest days with this sunscreen that dries invisible and matte. It’s hypoallergenic and non-comedogenicmeaning it won’t irritate skin or clog poresso it’s recommended for both sensitive and acne-prone skin.La Roche-Posay Anthelios Ultra-Fluid Face Sunscreen Lotion SPF 50, $32, shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Drugstore Face Sunscreen for Darker Tones: Aveeno Protect + Hydrate Face Moisturizing Sunscreen SPF 50

This popular sunscreen offers both broad-spectrum UVA and UVB protection and is oil-free, non-comedogenic and moisturizing. Safe for all skin types, it’s particularly beneficial for people with more melanin thanks to its invisible application.Aveeno Protect + Hydrate Face Moisturizing Sunscreen SPF 50, $21, shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Drugstore Body Sunscreen: Blue Lizard Mineral Sunscreen Sheer Lotion Body SPF 50

This award-winning Australian sheer mineral sunscreen is a crowd-favourite due to its combo of high protection against UVA and UVB rays and natural ingredients like papaya, aloe, cucumber and shea butter, which soothe and hydrate skin. It ticks all the boxes: Water resistance, fast-absorbing, reef-friendly and fragrance-free.Blue Lizard Mineral Sunscreen Sheer Lotion Body SPF 50, $22, shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Drugstore Body Sunscreen Spray: Hawaiian Tropic Silk Hydration Weightless Sunscreen Spray, SPF 50

This bestselling continuous spray sunscreen goes on so light and smooth that youll forget its even on. Its hardworking and water-resistant, offering up to 12 hours of hydration and high sun protection from UVA and UVB rays. What’s more, it’s dermatologist-tested, oil-free and reef-friendly.Hawaiian Tropic Silk Hydration Weightless Sunscreen Spray, SPF 50, $17, shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Drugstore Face and Body Sunscreen for Active Days: Garnier Ombrelle Sport Endurance Sun Protection Lotion SPF 60

If sweaty or water activity is on your itinerary, you’re going to want a sunscreen that’s sweat- and water-resistant. This dermatologist-tested lotion is hypoallergenic and non-greasy and has proven to protect wet skin from the suns harmful UVA and UVB rays. Plus, it wont block pores, because its non-comedogenic and oil-free.Garnier Ombrelle Sport Endurance Sun Protection Lotion SPF 60, $31, well.ca

Best Drugstore Face Sunscreen Stick: Shiseido Clear Sunscreen Stick SPF 50+

This powerful, ocean-friendly sunscreen stick is a great pick for all skin types. It goes on clear, making it ideal for darker tones, and it’s water-resistant, ready to withstand high-activity days.Shiseido Clear Sunscreen Stick SPF 50+, $40, shoppersdrugmart.caNext:5 of the Best Drugstore Retinol Serums for Every Skin Type

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Trying to Drink Less? 10 Non-Alcoholic Beers You Need on Your Radar

Rebecca Gao — Thu, 18 May 2023 12:00:38 +0000

Best non-alcoholic beer Canada

Since the start of the pandemic, alcohol sales have skyrocketed. A recent StatsCan survey conducted in January 2021 found that nearly a quarter of Canadians who drank alcohol before the pandemic increased their use. According to Emily Jenkins, an associate professor of nursing at the University of British Columbia, who studied the connection between mental health and substance use during the pandemic with the Canadian Mental Health Association, we’re looking at about a 20 percent increase.Jenkins points to the pandemics unprecedented stressors as the driving force behind increased rates of drinking. People are stressed about job security, changing economic situations, relationship changes and challenges, she says. Then theres the feelings of isolation, shifting changes on what we can and cant do and then boredom as well.This increased alcohol consumption can exacerbate existing mental health challenges like anxiety and depression, says Jenkins. Alcohol has depressant properties in our body, which means that it slows down activity in the brain and alters the chemical composition of the brain, she says. This impacts peoples mood, things like energy and sleep patterns that are really important to our mental health, concentration and memory. Jenkins is most concerned about an increase in risky behaviour, aggression and self-harm that comes along with increased drinking. Alcohol consumption can disinhibit behaviourit puts people at greater risk for these kinds of actions.If you want to cut down on your alcohol consumption, here are some of the best non-alcoholic beers available in Canada.(Related:Trying to Drink Less? These Tasty Summer Mocktails Make it Easy)

Bellwoods Brewery Non-Alcoholic Jelly King

Fans of Toronto-based Bellwoods Brewery’s Jelly King, a dry-hopped sour beer, can now try this non-alcoholic version. With the same tang that traditional Jelly King has (which comes from the yeast and bacteria used in the brewing process), this NA sour makes a great park-hang brew.bellwoodsbrewery.com, $4(Related:A Science-Backed, Data-Forward, Awfully Sobering Guide for Women Who Drink Alcohol)

One for the Road Stone Sofa Kolsch

This clean and refreshing NA ale-lager hybrid is just what you want to crack open on a hot summer day. Brewed in Calgary, the Stone Sofa Kolsch pairs well with nutty cheese, bratwurst and apples or peach crisp.$16/ 6 pack, soberlicious.ca

Mikkeller Limbo Raspberry

This beer from Danish brewing company Mikkeller is brewed with raspberries to give it a fruity and tart flavour, without the alcohol.$18/6 pack, soberlicious.ca

Collective Arts Hazy Pale Ale Non-Alcoholic

From popular Hamilton, Ont.-based craft brewery Collective Arts, this NA option is brewed as a traditional New England hazy pale ale, but with a special yeast to maintain its light, slightly-hoppy taste.$3, lcbo.com

One for the Road Brewing Proceed with Caution Amber

This non-alc lager showcases both malt and hoppy flavours for a great anytime beer.$16/ 6 pack, soberlicious.ca

So.Beer Refresh

With notes of malted barley and a clean finish, The Naked Collective’s non-alcoholic drink also includes Beta Glucan which supports our immune health.thenakedcollective.com, $30/12 pk(Related:This Homemade Ginger Beer Is What You’ll Be Drinking All Summer Long)

Partake Pale

This award-winning brew uses fruity and floral hops and bright flavours like citrus and pine to create a deliciously dry and crisp alcohol-free beer.drinkpartake.com, $30/12 pk(Related:CBD Drinks Are Everywhere Will They Help Me Relax?)

BSA Non-Alcoholic Beer Raspberry Sour

From Montreal-based Bire Sans Alcool, this pick is a raspberry sour that’ll satisfy even the pickiest sour beer lover.well.ca, $4(Related:19 Meals and Treats to Make Before Summer Ends)

Sober Carpenter Belgian White

This flavourful Belgian-style beer is rich and hazy. Sober Carpenter suggests pairing the brew with seafood or salads to bring out the drink’s orange and coriander flavours.sobercarpenter.ca, $40/12 pk(Related:Why You May Want to Start Drinking Red Raspberry Leaf Tea This Year)

Libra Hazy IPA

From Charlottetown, PEI, this 0.4 percent alcohol IPA has delicious flavours like mango and tropical fruits.drinklibra.ca, $33/12 pkNext, meet Acid League, the Canadian company making complex, alcohol-free wine proxies.

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This Potato-Topped Pizza Is the Ultimate Comfort Food

Janice Tiefenbach, Stephanie Mercier Voyer, Ryan Gray and Marley Sniatowsky — Tue, 16 May 2023 11:00:52 +0000

This recipe for pizza al taglio is made with potatoesand it makes our knees weak and our hearts melt. Biting into a thick layer of rosemary-infused potatoes, cheese and dough feels like getting tucked into bed and kissed on the forehead by a loved one. Its pure comfort.

Pizza Al Taglio

Makes 1 (12 15-inch)

Ingredients

Pizza Dough

6 1/3 cups (820 g) bread flour
1 1/3 cups (200 g) spelt or whole wheat flour
3 cups (750 ml) water, room temperature
1 cup (200 g) sourdough starter
5 tsp (25 g) fine sea salt
3 tbsp (45 ml) extra virgin olive oil, divided, + more oil or butter for greasing the baking sheets
Semolina rimacinata or all-purpose flour, to dust your work surface

Pizza

1/2 recipe Al Taglio Pizza Dough (enough for one pizza)
1 lb (450 g) fingerling potatoes or 2 large Yukon gold potatoes, scrubbed
6 fresh rosemary sprigs (2 whole and 4 chopped), divided
1 tsp black peppercorns
Extra virgin olive oil
5 oz (142 g) smoked provolone or smoked cheddar, sliced
2 balls (5.2 oz/150 g or about 1 cup) buffalo mozzarella
1 small yellow onion, thinly sliced (about 1 cup)
Freshly ground black pepper 1 cup finely grated parmesan

Directions

Pizza Doughhydrate the flours: In the bowl of a stand mixer with a hook attachment (or in a very large bowl using a rubber spatula), com- bine the flours with the water. Mix on the lowest setting until a shaggy mass forms. Turn off the mixer and let it rest for 10 minutes.Mix or knead the dough: Add the sourdough starter and salt and continue to knead until the dough is smooth and relatively uniform, about 10 minutes. Transfer the dough to a clean surface and scrape out the mixing bowl using a dough scraper, discard- ing any dried bits. Generously oil that same bowl with 2 tbsp olive oil and place the dough inside. Cover the dough and rest it at room temperature for 30 minutes.Fold the dough and let it rise: Starting with the edge farthest away from you, gently lift and fold the dough in half over itself. (This motion should be done confidently to stretch the dough without ever tearing it.) Rotate the bowl 90 degrees and repeat the same process until the dough has been folded on itself for a total of four times, rotating the bowl after each fold. Cover the dough and rest it at room temperature for 30 minutes. Repeat the folding process two more times, resting the dough 30 minutes at the end of each folding session. The whole process should take about 1 hours.Divide the dough: Transfer the dough to a lightly floured surface by flipping the bowl over and letting the dough slowly fall out.Using a dough scraper, divide the dough in half.Corner toward the center of the dough. Then fold the dough on itself twice as if you were folding a piece of paper to put in an envelope. Use the dough scraper to tuck the edges and create a smooth and even oval shape. Put the dough back in the same oiled container.Cover and chill in the fridge for 2 days. During this time, the dough should proof gently, becoming lighter and springier to the touch.It can be stored in a lightly oiled, sealed container in the fridge for up to 3 days or frozen for a few months.When you are ready to make your pizza, proof the dough again: Grease two baking sheets with olive oil (or use butter for an extra-crispy bottom crust). Uncover the dough and coat lightly with 1 tbsp olive oil. Carefully transfer each dough portion onto the baking sheets, keeping the top side of the proofed dough facing up. Using your fingertips, gently press down on the surface of the dough to release some of the air. Cover with a damp towel and let it rest in a warm spot for at least 30 minutes and up to 3 hours. (The longer the dough proofs, the more relaxed it will become, making it easier to stretch but also more fragile.)Stretch the dough: Once the dough has proofed, uncover it and start stretching it by lifting it from the bottom to make sure no air gets trapped underneath. Gradually and gently stretch out the corners of the dough toward the edges of the baking sheet.Continue working with your fingertips to stretch the dough until its about the same size as the baking sheet. Press the dough firmly into the corners. Repeat this process with the remaining portion of dough. Your al taglio is now ready to welcome toppings.PizzaTemper the dough: If your dough is in the fridge, remove it and let it temper while you cook the potatoes. If its still proofing on the counter, leave it there.Cook the potatoes: Bring a pot of salted water to a boil. Add the potatoes, two rosemary sprigs and the peppercorns and simmer until the potatoes are fork-tender but not falling apart, 20 minutes for fingerlings and 2535 for larger potatoes. Remove the potatoes from the pot and let them rest for a few minutes.Once they are cool enough to handle but still warm, peel the skins off using a small paring knife. Put the potatoes in a bowl and break them into rough chunks. Add 2 tbsp olive oil and toss to coat.Preheat the oven: Place a rack in the upper and lower thirds of the oven. Preheat the oven to 500F.Stretch the dough: Once your dough is done proofing and you are ready to make your pizza, stretch it as directed in the al taglio dough recipe (p. 104 or 106).Top the pizza: Distribute the provolone on the pizza, reaching as close to the edges as possible. Break the buffalo mozzarella into small pieces and disperse evenly. Top with the crushed potatoes, sliced onions and chopped rosemary.Bake the pizza: Place the pizza on the bottom rack, moving it to the top halfway through, and bake until the crust is golden brown and the onions are charred in spots, 1215 minutes.Finish the pizza and serve: Garnish with more olive oil, freshly ground black pepper and freshly grated parmesan. Cut into squares and enjoy!Excerpted from Salad Pizza Wine by Janice Tiefenbach, Stephanie Mercier Voyer, Ryan Gray and Marley Sniatowsky. Copyright 2023 Janice Tiefenbach, Stephanie Mercier Voyer, Ryan Gray, and Marley Sniatowsky. Photographs by Dominique Lafond. Published by Appetite by Random House, a division of Penguin Random House Canada Limited. Reproduced by arrangement with the Publisher. All rights reserved.Next: Shake Up Pizza Night with this Riff on the Classic Grandma Slice

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The Allure of Romance Novels in 2023

Rebecca Gao — Mon, 15 May 2023 11:00:57 +0000

About a year and a half into the pandemic, 39-year-old stay-at-home mom of two Karen Whaley picked up a buzzy romance novel and zipped through all 300-plus pages in one evening. It was an unusual experience for her.Whaley had been stuck in an all-too-familiar cycle: I was doomscrolling all the time, she says. I had also totally lost my ability to focus on anythingI wasnt reading books or watching TV. I couldnt even bring myself to start. But after hearing about The Hating Game by Sally Thorne on a podcast and being intrigued by its workplace-drama plot, Whaley downloaded the e-bookand then couldnt set it aside. The sudden voraciousness for reading surprised hershed never been into romance books. In fact, she had thought she was too good for the genre. But while reading The Hating Game, Whaley realized it was fascinating to delve into the lives of women who were very different from her. After finishing the book, Whaley tore through 20 more romances in three months. It opened me up to reading other genres. I was somehow getting my focus back.Turns out, many people found themselves revelling in steamy romance books during the pandemic. Romance fiction sales in Canada saw a 44 percent increase from June 2020 to June 2021, thanks in part to TikTok. In the first few months of 2023, the popular hashtag #BookTok, where readers share their recommendations and reviews, had passed 115 billion views. Most videos on #BookTok feature a reader who raves about a novel, often getting emotional. The intimate and honest tone of the videos encourages viewers to buy the book, leading to a massive boost in sales.Its word-of-mouth marketing cranked to a hundred: One viral video can garner millions of viewsand sales. Rania Husseini, senior vice president of print at Indigo, Canadas largest bookstore, says the chain has seen an extraordinary surge in demand for books thanks to BookTok. Picks from Spicy BookTok, the online community thats gathered around sexually explicit romance novels, have gained significant traction over the past two years in particular, notes Husseini. From 2020 to 2022, the total unit sales of books at Indigo categorized under Spicy BookTok rose 3,104 percent. And despite their trendy-looking covers, these books dont differ significantly from the bodice rippers of yesteryear (you know, the ones with Fabio on the cover). Theyre still romance novels with fairly predictable plots involving two people (usually a man and a woman) falling in love and having outrageous sex. Plus, tropes that are common to BookTok favouriteslike haters-to-lovers or second-chance romancesare the same ones that have been well-loved in Harlequin romances and romantic comedies for as long as the genres have existed.Jenny Pool, owner of Happily Ever Books Canadas only romance-focused online bookstorehas heard from many readers who say theyve turned to romance over the last couple of years because the books provide an escape. Its the emotional interplay between a couple that draws people in, rather than any intricate plot, says Pool. Its not about the destination, what happens at the end of the book. Its the journey that two or more characters go onthats what were interested in, thats what the best part of a romance is. Its getting to explore different dynamics.But the sexy content is a draw, too. Hanna Wheeler, a 41-year-old writer and translator in Toronto, says that other peoples desire is what draws her to these books. Its an inspiration, having these really open conversations about sexuality and turn-ons, she says. The sexual content provides her with tools on how to initiate conversations about sex and relationships in her own lifeespecially those books with a lightheartedness in how characters approach their love life.In addition to the escapism, readers can also be turned on by romance novels, says Jan Cioe, a registered psychologist and an associate professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia. For some, the books can provide an idea of something new and different, he explains. He echoes Wheelers notion that risqu reads can be a sort of inspiration. Typically, most womenbut certainly not allneed some kind of nurturing towards [sex], Cioe says, and that can happen in the context of reading these novels, because they create sexual arousal that can then be manifested in a physical encounter.(Related:Are Your Sexual Fantasies Normal?)However, Cioe points out, trouble can arise when readers take their favourite novels content as reality. Some BookTok bestsellers, like Colleen Hoovers It Ends with Us, depict rough and violent sexual encounters and toxic (usually male) love interests, which some critics say can romanticize unhealthy relationships. Rough sex is not inherently negative, but it shouldnt be idealized or depicted as the best or only kind of sex, and expressing consent is key (something many of the books gloss over). Unfortunately, in our culture, theres pressure for women to…placate their partner, says Cioe. Many romance novels are written by women with female pleasure in mind, but they are designed to be entertainmentnot education. Conflating the sometimes extreme sexual content in a book with what youor your partnersmight want in real life can lead to unhealthy relationship dynamics. To prevent that, its important to know your own comfort zones. Optimal sexual encounters are grounded in clear lines of communication, says Cioe.Pool notes that these reads give people the opportunity to explore situations safelywhether its a sweeping love story or a short-lived affair. And, you know that its all going to work out okay in the end. It gives a little bit of relief, and you can really enjoy the journey the characters go on, she says. You know that therell be a happily ever after.

Hot in Here

Find your happily ever after with these popular-on-#BookTok titlesall available at Indigo or your fave indie bookstore like Happily Ever Books.The Kiss Quotient by Helen HoangThis debut novel follows Stella, a math whiz who has done a lot less dating than the average thirtysomething. She hires a male escort to practice everything from kissing to more-than-missionary position. $22, chapters.indigo.caNeon Gods by Katee RobertInspired by Greek mythology, Neon Gods is a racy modern-day adaptation of the story of Persephone and Hades. $23, chapters.indigo.caGet a Life, Chloe Brown by Talia HibbertThis rompy novel from British author Talia Hibbert is about a woman whos tired of being boringso she recruits her neighbour to help her experience things like getting drunk and casual sex. $21, chapters.indigo.caBook Lovers by Emily HenryThis novel by a favourite BookTok author revolves around a cutthroat New York literary agent and a brooding book editor who have a contemptuous relationship. $23, chapters.indigo.caLove and Other Words by Christina LaurenThis sultry read follows a rigid medical resident who thinks her life path is setuntil she runs into her first (and only) love. $23, chapters.indigo.caIt Happened One Summer by Tessa BaileyThis spicy read follows a fashionable It girl whos suddenly sent away to spend the summer running her late fathers dive bar in rainy Washington State. She soon meets bearded sea captain Brendan, her polar opposite, with whom she has a fiery connection. $20, chapters.indigo.caThe Wall of Winnipeg and Me by Mariana ZapataAfter the assistant-slash-housekeeper to a famous football player quits her job, shes shocked when he begs her to come back…and do something unthinkable. $25, chapters.indigo.caThe Hating Game by Sally ThorneLucy and Joshua, two executive assistants to a pair of co-CEOs, are up for the same promotion, and the tension is reaching a boiling point. $20, chapters.indigo.caTwisted Games by Ana HuangThis is the second book in the Twisted series, which follows the forbidden (and steamy) relationship of a stoic bodyguard and a stubborn princess. $27, chapters.indigo.caNext: 18 Goodies Thatll Help Turn Up the Heat in the Bedroom

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Inside the Apartment Where Researchers Study How to Age in Place

Ariel Brewster — Thu, 11 May 2023 11:00:24 +0000

University Avenue in Toronto is lined with several major hospitals, but nestled inside one of themUniversity Health Networks Toronto Rehabilitation Instituteis a fully functioning apartment, plopped right there on the twelfth floor amid a sea of standard office cubicles.The one-bedroom apartment has no ceilings, and is lined with cameras, domestic robots and motion-sensing detectors designed to keep residents safe as they age, recover from stroke or seek to live independently with a disability or dementia (for example). The home within a lab is also designed to replicate the same accessibility challenges that seniors and their caregivers would encounter in a typical home, so researchers can test out creative solutions to common barriers.Yes, its all a bit Big Brother-y, but the catwalk, the robot and the video cameras are there in the name of science. This is where Atena Roshan Fekr and her team of grad students at the KITE Research Institute HomeLab test out new products, design artificial intelligence data programs and build prototypes aimed at helping the 92 percent of Canadians aged 45-plus who would prefer to age in place, as opposed to living in a long-term care facility, according to a 2022 Ipsos poll.Roshan Fekr specializes in the intersection of technology and aging. The KITE HomeLab is one of four institutions across Canada that make up a project called PATH: the Program to Accelerate Technologies for Home Care. Roshan Fekr and her colleagues develop and test these remote monitoring systems so that they can, one day, be successfully commercialized.The data gathered will also be super valuable to doctors, and busy or far-away relatives and caregivers trying to get a sense of how their loved one is doing on their own. The clinician or the family members will be notified if theres a problem, or if they are progressing, says Roshan Fekr. Here are some of the apartment’s features that can help keep seniors safe.(Related: 5 of the Best Exercise Bikes for Seniors)

Cameras or catwalk

From the catwalk, and using the video camera footage, researchers can observe volunteer actors who imitate the typical behaviours, movements and reactions of those with physical disabilities or sensory and cognitive impairments as they interact with a standard residential space.

Helpful robot

This domestic robot gives both audio and video prompts to people with dementia during their common everyday tasks, like washing their hands, brushing their teeth, or making a cup of tea, says scientist Alex Mihailidis. It uses artificial intelligence to adapt to the needs of the individual user.

Smart sheets

The mat on the bed measures health data such as heart rate and respiration rate, says Roshan Fekr. It can also monitor sleeping position and can alert a caregiver that its time to help turn the patient to prevent pressure sores (aka bed sores).

Grab bars

Standard accessibility grab bars help seniors navigate safely from the bedroom to the bathroom especially at night, when visibility and mental alertness may be limited.

Bathroom monitoring

Roshan Fekr and her colleagues will soon be testing a device that tracks toilet use and measures a residents level of hydration and output.

Exercise mat

This smart yoga mat is used to record physical therapy sessions. Tele-rehab allows seniors to recover at home (from a hip replacement or a stroke, for example) without needing to drive or commute to a hospital or PT office as an outpatient. The camera over the TV monitors body alignment, and the pressure heat as a patient does exercises on the fitness mat also creates data points.

Smart garment

This wearable, washable shirt from Hexoskin can measure vital signs such as heart rate, breathing rate and the residents ECG (or electrocardiogram, which can monitor heart conditions), as well as general activity like total daily steps and calories burned.

Outlet plugs

Remote users (such as a family member) can turn off an appliance thats been accidentally left on (using Wi-Fi and a phone app). They can also monitor activity levels around the apartment by detecting whats plugged in where and for how long.

Drawer, oven, microwave and fridge sensors

The kitchen drawers, cupboards, microwave, oven and refrigerator are equipped with door contact sensors that track when a resident is opening and closing them. This gathers data that can be helpful to families worried their loved one isnt eating or drinking enoughor concerned about safety in the kitchen.

Living room floors

For a future project, the floors will be equipped with pressure sensors that can monitor a seniors movement patterns and log changes to their gait (which is a possible sign of deteriorating health).Next:5 Stretching Exercises for Seniorsor Anyone Who Feels Achy

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Could Psychodermatology Be the Key to Healthier Skin?

Renée Reardin — Wed, 10 May 2023 11:00:17 +0000

When a blemish appears on your skin, chances are you jump into repair mode. You examine it, review your arsenal of beauty products, and calculate the best treatment to clear it up immediately. You may even consider prevention tacticsanalyzing your food diary to eliminate a potential trigger, or finally replacing that face maskto ensure there are no reappearances. But then it returns. Why? Maybe youre not treating the right thing. A new school of thought suggests that treating skin problems may have more to do with your mind.

What is psychodermatology?

Original reports of the connection between the mind and the body have been around for hundreds of thousands of years, and were now rediscovering these connections, says Mark Kirchhof, a certified dermatologist at Ottawa Derm Centre. The study of this relationship is called psychodermatology, which is the combination of psychiatry and dermatology. It explores the interplay between the mind and the bodyhow skin diseases can affect the mind and how the mind can affect skin diseases, says Kirchhof.Recent interest in psychodermatology came from the finding that people who have skin diseases also typically have high levels of depression, anxiety and other psychiatric comorbidities. Researchers found that when those patients were treated for their skin disease, their psychiatric conditions improved. Recently the reverse has been investigatedif we treat the mind, can the skin disease get better? says Kirchhof. That seems to be the case as well.

How does psychodermatology work?

It comes down to the way the mind, the endocrine system, and the skin interact, says Kirchhof. Anxious thoughts, stressful situations, anger, and depression impact the nervous system. These thoughts can work their way from the brain, through the endocrine system, and show up on the face and body.Skin conditions that can be caused byand could causepsychiatric conditions include psoriasis, eczema, hyperhidrosis, hives, cold sores and acne, says Kirchhof. How do you know when a skin condition has a psychiatric cause? A dermatologist can help with the assessment. [Dermatologists] have lots of patients who are looking for alternative treatments, and we encourage them, says Kirchhof. If they dont work, then we’re happy to add on treatments and prescription medications that can help.

What are the treatments?

Treatment options vary from person to person. Some conditions are more psychiatric and less dermatological and others are highly dermatological and less psychiatric, says Kirchhof. The best form of treatment will depend on where the disease falls on this spectrum.Studies show that if you treat the skin issues of people suffering from depression or anxiety, their symptoms will improve as well. For teenagers with severe acne and depression, Kirchhof will often treat the acne first. Then, Ill determine if their depression has resolved or if there’s still an underlying psychiatric disease that requires further treatment.Conversely, a recent study also showed those with depression or anxiety are at a higher risk of developing skin diseases such as psoriasis. The treatment? Taking antidepressants, which can protect against developing a skin disease. Some of the medications and treatments that we might use in psychiatry may help in dermatology, says Kirchhof, and some of the treatments that we use in dermatology may help in psychiatry.If you suspect your mental health may be causing a particular skin condition, Kirchhof recommends first seeing a dermatologist and doing your research, then potentially reaching out to a psychiatrist. “Some psychiatrists may not be aware of these connections and may not entertain treating the psychiatric component to improve the skin disease, he says. Find a psychiatrist who is interested and willing to help in that regard.

How much can stress impact your skin?

Stress, Kirchhof says, can impact skin diseases tremendously.” It can cause skin disorders and also exacerbate current ones. Studies show if you treat or lower stress, you can improve some skin conditions, says Kirchhof. He often recommends treating both skin and psychiatric conditions with stress-reducing techniques, whether on their own or in conjunction with medication.Studies show mindfulness, meditation, positive thinking, exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy can have a positive impact on skin disease, says Kirchhof. When we’re treating a severe skin disease, it appears that practicing mindfulness or meditation techniques make the treatments work better in those people than in groups that do not.So next time a mark or a flair-up appears, instead of jumping into repair mode, which will only increase your cortisol levels further, sink into relaxation mode. It might be just what the mark needs to healno pricey product necessary.Next:This Unexpected Technique Can Help Control Anxiety

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Try This Mango Coconut Tapioca Pudding for an Easy, Make-Ahead Dessert

Pailin Chongchitnant — Tue, 09 May 2023 11:00:42 +0000

I wanted to create a mango-coconut dessert thats faster to make than mango and sticky rice. One day, after seeing the tapioca-mango dessert cups that are always sold at my local Chinese supermarket, I got this idea. Tiny tapioca pearls are folded into a silky coconut cream and topped with fresh, juicy mango. Its the same flavor combination as mango and sticky rice, yet a vastly different eating experience. Tapioca pearls lose their soft chewy texture after many hours in the fridge, so this isnt something you want to make too far ahead, but theyre so quick that you can prep the coconut cream in advance and cook the pearls while people are digesting dinner!But before we get to the recipe, a note about working with tapioca: My tapioca pearls turned into mush in the water! This has been the cry of far too many people, and I know exactly what has happened when they tell me this. They add the tapioca to room temperature water and bring it to a boil, like you would do with rice. This is understandable, since tapioca pearls kind of remind you of rice, right? So I need to stress the number one rule when working with tapioca pearls: do not add them to anything other than fully boiling liquid.This makes sense once you understand what tapioca pearls actually are: simply tapioca starch that has been clumped together into tiny balls, similar to the way old cornstarch can get clumpy in the bag. So, if you put them in not-hot-enough water, they will just dissolve. But when they go into boiling water, the outside instantly gels up, creating a shell that holds the inside together while it cooks through.(Related: Super Simple Vanilla Chia Pudding with Berries)

Mango Coconut Tapioca Pudding

Pudding Sakoo Mamuang Sohd |

Serves 4 to 6Cooking Time : 30 minutes

Ingredients

1 cup (250 ml) coconut milk
1 pandan leaf, tied into a knot (optional; see note below )
5 to 7 tablespoons (62 to 75 g) finely chopped palm or granulated sugar (see note)
teaspoon (1 ml) table salt
2 tablespoons (15 g) rice flour
2 tablespoons (30 ml) water
cup (85 g) small tapioca pearls
cup (10 g) julienned young coconut meat, fresh or canned
2 to 3 sweet ripe mangoes, cut in -inch (1.2 cm) cubes

Directions

Bring at least 6 cups (1.5 L) water to a full boil over high heat to cook the tapioca pearls. Make the coconut cream by placing the coconut milk and pandan leaf in a small pot and bringing the milk to a boil over medium heat. Add the sugar and salt; stir until dissolved.Dissolve the rice flour in the water, then pour it into the coconut milk while you stir with a rubber spatula. Keep stirring constantly until the coconut milk returns to a boil and the mixture has thickened. Remove the coconut cream from the heat, discard the pandan leaf, and let cool.Sprinkle the tapioca pearls into the boiling water and stir until the water returns to a boil. Then stop stirring and let them boil for 12 to 13 minutes. Meanwhile, prepare a small bowl of cold water to check doneness.Check the doneness of the pearls by putting a small amount into the cold water. The pearls are done when any white centers remaining in the pearls look no larger than a tiny dot.Drain the pearls through a metal fine-mesh sieve and run cold water through them until completely cool. Shake off excess water and transfer to a mixing bowl. If youre not ready to serve, you can leave them at room temperature, covered, for up to 4 hours. For the best texture, its better to not refrigerate them.To assemble, stir the coconut cream (it can be warm, room temperature, or cold) and the young coconut meat into the pearls, mixing well. You can taste the pudding with a piece of mango and add more sugar and/or salt as needed, depending on the sweetness and tartness of the mangoes.Spoon into a small serving bowl and top with a generous helping of mango pieces. Serve within 30 minutes of mixing. The tapioca pearls will continue to absorb moisture from the cream as they sit, so the longer they sit, the less soft and creamy the texture will be. If you have any leftovers, you can store them in the fridge, but the texture will not be as good the next day.

Notes

If not using pandan leaf, use palm sugar instead of granulated sugar for added flavor.If the mango is very sweet, use less sugar, and vice versa. Also, if youre serving right after assembly, use less sugar, as the sugar will not have had time to absorb into the pearls and the dish will taste sweeter than if it had.Make sure you use the tiny tapioca pearls that are no larger than 1/16 inch (2 mm) in diameter; theyre available in white or a mix of pink, green, and white.Do-ahead: You can make the coconut cream in advance and either keep it at room temperature for up to 8 hours or refrigerate it for up to 3 days.Tapioca pearls can be cooked up to 4 hours in advance and left at room temperature.Excerpted fromSabaiby Pailin Chongchitnant. Copyright 2023 Pailin Chongchitnant. Photographs by Janis Nicolay. Published by Appetite by Random House, a division of Penguin Random House Canada Limited. Reproduced by arrangement with the Publisher. All rights reserved.Next: Have 45 Minutes? That’s All You Need for This Yellow Curry and Beef Recipe

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A Former Mayor-Turned-Doctor on Second Careers and Being a Lifelong Learner

Karina Pillay as told to Christina Frangou — Mon, 08 May 2023 11:00:04 +0000

My parents escaped South Africa during apartheid and came to Canada, so I grew up in Slave Lake, a rural community of about 6,000 people in northern Alberta. In a place that size, you learn to get along with everybody. After I finished high school, I went to the University of Alberta in Edmonton, then applied for medical school and was rejected many times. So I returned to Slave Lake. I worked in forestry and adult education. After university, I got married to my junior high school sweetheart, Bill. His family had a business in oil and gas. We took over the business and grew it to 15 employees, but its a tough industry to work in. There are many things to worry aboutthe cold, worker safety, addictions. We enjoyed the challenge but, at a certain point, we recognized it was no longer fulfilling for us. We decided to shut it down.Id been working for the town part-time as a coordinator. It was quite toxiclots of bullying and unethical behaviour. It hit me that this was not the type of environment I wanted to work in. I decided to run for mayor. I wanted to reset the culture and build strength in our community. I was 33. Some people didnt take me seriously because of my age. Other candidates said it was nice to see young people getting involved. But I put together a large team and we door-knocked relentlessly. I was strategic about getting the vote out. In the end, I had more votes than all the men combined.(Related: How One Woman Connects to Her Culture Through Gardening)I was elected mayor first in 2004 and won two more elections after that. In 2011, midway through my third term, a major wildfire broke out on the outskirts of town. I met with my team in the town office, a building wed built one year prior. Someone ran in and shouted, The roofs on fire! Fierce 100 kilometre-per-hour winds were carrying balls of fire through the sky and into the town. Something inside me kicked in at that moment. I didnt think about my own life or my safety, I only thought about what we needed to do for our community. As we were running out of the building, fire was falling from the sky. But my focus never changed. We had a sense of duty to our community. We worked through the night for days on end with very little sleep. You learn very quickly to check your ego at the door and look for the common goal.At the time, the Slave Lake fire was the second largest weather disaster in Canadian history: One third of the towns buildings burnt to the ground. The fire changed the lives of everyone who lived through it. It was hard and horrible, but we benefited from a remarkable wave of support from Alberta, across Canada and the globe. From the start, we were laser-focused on rebuilding. By March 2013, wed rebuilt the town hall. We created a manuscript for other municipalities about our lessons learned from the disaster, which has, sadly, been used for guidance many times since then. In Western Canada, we experienced multiple significant disasters that eclipsed the Slave Lake firethe 2013 flooding in southern Alberta, the 2016 fires in Fort McMurray and a series of wildfires and heatwaves across British Columbia.Through all of this, medicine was still on my mind. During my last summer as mayor, as the new town hall was going up, I started studying for the medical school entrance exam again. It was an enormous challenge. I was using textbooks from 20 years ago. But the skills that I had developed as mayorleadership, community building, resource managementhelped me to get into medical school. I started at the University of Calgary in the summer of 2013.My rule is that I dont doubt myself until I give something a go. You dont know until you try it. Life is about learning and trying, again and again. Be a lifetime learner.Medical school was tough. I was 42 when I started. When I walked into my first class, I carried a pen and paper, and everyone else brought their laptop. (I bought a Mac later that week.) You dont get breaks for being a mature student. You work the same hours as everyone.I was drawn to family medicine, so I joined a practice in Calgary. I like challenges, and its a challenge. Family doctors help manage someones health, but we also help with social issues because were looking at the preventative side.Id just completed my second year of practice when the pandemic struck. It has not been an easy ride. Its a joy and a privilege to be part of someones journey, but I would say that this is probably the toughest career Ive been in. It can consume you, with its need for constant empathy and compassion. I worry so much about my patientsjust like I worried about my community as mayor. But as a physician, you have to learn how to set boundaries from work. You could be there more than 10 hours a day, every day.Im planning to keep doing this for a while. That said, I do have my next career challenge in mind. Ive applied to become a member of the Canadian Senate. Since 2016, Canadians can apply to the Independent Advisory Board for Senate Appointments. This body is designed to ensure that senators are non-partisan and reflect Canadas diversity. I dont know if Ill be considered. But for me, one of the roles of a senator is to represent vulnerable populations. As a woman of colour, I would not take that responsibility lightly. It would even mean leaving medicine, because I couldnt do both jobs. As a family doctor, you need to be there for your patients.I feel like Ive lived multiple lives with all my experiences. I got here by being a lifelong learner and keeping my mind open to experiencing new things.When I graduated from medical school, I was asked to speak at our graduation. My message remains true: You may have graduated, but you are a learner still. Be kind to others who are learningyou will be learning from them, too.Next: I Joined the Navy Reserves at 51

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Here’s Why Lip Oils Are Currently Trending

Rebecca Gao — Fri, 05 May 2023 15:00:11 +0000

Im always looking for a new way to add a little je ne sais quoi to my makeup look, which typically means updating my lipstick colour. For years I leaned on long-wear matte options (remember the Kylie Lip Kit craze?), but now Im turned off of anything that leaves my lips feeling remotely chapped. I’ve tried lip glosses, lip stains and even hydrating lipsticks, but found them all to be too drying. Conveniently, there’s a new buzzy lip product on the scene that’s everything I’ve been looking forlip oil.

What is lip oil?

Sitting somewhere between a lip balm and gloss, lip oils are the best of both worlds. Theyre nourishing and hydrating like a balm, and provide a tinted sheen like a gloss (but without the sticky ickiness). Lip oils are sometimes marketed as a hydrating serum, formulated with moisturizing and plumping ingredients like vitamin E, peptides and hyaluronic acid, which makes them a bit like a skin-care product.Lip oils have been around for a while, but they’ve recently gained popularity thanks to TikTok users gushing over picks from various brands. One particular product, the Dior lip oil, has gone viral with the#diorlipoil hashtag garnering nearly 700 million viewsand now retailers have a hard time keeping it in stock.

If lip oils are considered a hydrating serum, does that mean theyre good for your lips?

According to Renita Ahluwalia, founder and lead dermatologist at the Canadian Dermatology Centre, lip oils can be really good for your lipsbut it depends on the ingredients they contain. Oil is a sealant, which locks in moisture, says Ahluwalia, but “if a product contains oil without some other hydrating ingredients, youre not going to get a long-lasting hydration benefit.Ahluwalia says some lip oils are formulated with oils that provide superficial hydration” (like Dior’s version, which contains cherry oil), meaning they can make lips look hydrated, but won’t provide long-term benefits.

So, what ingredients in a lip oil should I look for if I want hydration?

If youre looking for a product thats both an aesthetic product and provides long-term hydration, look for ingredients like hyaluronic acid which draws water into the skin,” says Ahluwalia.Other ingredients to look for include peptides (which encourage the body to produce collagen), squalane (which offers more hydration) and shea butter (which softens skin), she says.

Is there anything I should be aware of?

Do a patch test before using itas you should do with any new product. Ahluwalia says that some ingredients like coconut oil and jojoba oil can cause seborrheic dermatitis (which manifests in dry, flakey red patches) in those who are predisposed. Some people, especially those with sensitive skin, might also have reactions to scented oils in some products.

Which lip oil should I try?

Below, our favourite picks.

Best Hydrating Lip Oil: Kosas Wet Lip Oil Plumping Treatment Gloss

This lightly-tinted lip oil from clean beauty brand Kosas contains hyaluronic acid and peptides, which leaves lips feeling hydrated and looking plump.$28, sephora.com

Best Budget-Friendly Lip Oil: NYX Fat Oil Lip Drip

This budget-friendly lip oil contains squalane and promises to provide 12-hour hydration. It’s currently trending online, which has led it to sell out in drugstores everywhere. But don’t worryit’s available in some shades on the brand’s website.$14, nyxcosmetics.ca

Best Splurge Lip Oil: Dior Lip Glow Oil Color

This lip oil is definitely worth the hype (and price tag): Its non-sticky and non-greasy and provides a beautiful gloss in six subtle tints.$50, shop.shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Tinted Lip Oil: Rare Beauty Soft Pinch Tinted Lip Oil

This lip oilfrom singer-actor Selena Gomezs buzzy makeup line, Rare Beautydelivers long-wearing colour and sheen. When first applied, the innovative formula looks and feels like a gel and then dries into an oil. The best part? Its also a lip stainitll leave a tint on lips that lasts hours after application.$26, sephora.com

Best Untinted Lip Oil: Burts Bees Hydrating Lip Oil

Burts Bees lip oil is formulated with sweet almond oil, which contains fatty acids and antioxidants, which smooth and hydrate skin. It doesn’t have a tint, so you can layer it under your favourite lip shade if you want some colour.$10, shop.shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Drugstore Lip Oil: Quo Lip Oil

This lip oil from Quo is super affordable (just $10!), non-sticky (hair doesn’t get stuck to it!) and made without animal testing (cruelty-free!).$10, shop.shoppersdrugmart.ca

Best Scented Lip Oil: Clarins Lip Comfort Hydrating Oil

Often cited as a dupe for the Dior lip oil, this one from Clarins uses a cocktail of oils (jojoba, hazelnut and sweetbriar rose) to hydrate, nourish and protect lips. It also provides a sheer hue and boasts a light, pleasant fragrance reminiscent of a Lip Smacker lip balm.$32, sephora.com

Best My Lips But Better Lip Oil: Haus Labs PhD Hybrid Lip Oil

Lady Gagas Haus Labs lip oil is formulated with vegan collagen and plant squalane for a super-nourishing shine. It changes colour depending on the pH of your lips, so the tint is sure to complement your skin tone.$31, sephora.com

Best Clean and Vegan Lip Oil: Merit shade Slick Gelee Sheer Tinted Lip Oil

Clean beauty brand Merit has a lip oil with a vegan formulation, leaning on plant squalene for hydration. It’s tinted and lightweight, making it perfect for no-makeup makeup looks.$31, sephora.comNext: The Best Drugstore Lipsticks

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Wondering Why You’re Spotting? A Doctor Weighs In

Lisa Hannam — Thu, 04 May 2023 12:00:38 +0000

Its your IUD

The gynecologist says: Hormonal IUDs, like Mirena, Jaydess, or the newest product in Canada called Kyleena (a low-dose hormonal IUD that can be used for five years) control bleeding in part by thinning the lining of the uterus. Progestins keep the lining of the uterus from growing out of controlbut it can do too good a job, so the lining is a bit unstable and sheds. This can translate to a period that is so light it is perceived as spotting. Tracking your cycle will help.For some women, particularly those who have heavy flow prior to an IUD, they will experience irregular spotting instead of the heavy period, or spotting with lighter flow. Women should weigh the pros and cons of spotting against what periods were like beforeespecially if they were heavy or painful.(Related: 10 Doctor-Recommended Ways to Make Getting an IUD Less Painful)

It’s all the exercise you’re doing

The gynecologist says: Women who spot after intercourse or intense exercise may do so simply because the friction of the cervix is causing some irritation. Women who are taking up new rigorous exercise routines and who lose weight rapidly may also experience spotting owing to changes in hormones. Burning fat cells and weight loss can release estrogen into the body. And, because fat cells help produce some sex hormones, sustained weight loss can cause a lower level of estrogen in the body. If a woman loses too much weight, her periods may stop and spotting may result. If that’s the case, you should visit your doctor.(Related: Demonizing Food? Its a Sign of Orthorexia)

Youre stressed

The gynecologist says: Stress plays a complex role in spotting and cycle changes. Likely the increase in cortisol affects the bodys signaling system and the change in hormones causes spotting to occur.(Related: A Bath Is the Stress-Melter You Need Right Now)

You have ectropion or polyps

The gynecologist says: “If you have significant or bothersome spotting, a trip to the doctor is warranted. Polyps are small growths on the cervix that can bleed on contact. They are benign but can be removed if bothersome. Ectropion is a normal condition where the glandular cellsthe ones that look like the lining of the uterusare prominent on the cervix. This can bleed easily if poked. In some [medical] centres, liquid nitrogen can be used to freeze the ectropion to prevent further bleeding.(Related: Everything You Need to Know About Vaginal Discharge)

Your levels of progesterone and estrogen are off-balance

The gynecologist says: Spotting can be a sign that hormone levels are off, but in most cases. It is normal for a small amount of spotting around ovulationtwo weeks before a period is duerelated to hormone changes. Women who find spotting to be a nuisance can talk to their doctor about options. The most common option is to try a birth control pill, which is progestin-dominant and will help stabilize the lining. Numerous studies have looked at supplements that can help control [hormone-related] spotting. Unfortunately, while small studies show promise, most large scale studies do not show benefit for vitamin B supplementation, vitamin C or iron.”(Related: Are Your Hormones Out of Control? Heres How to Deal)

Its your birth control pills

The gynecologist says: In any case where a woman experiences spotting on the pill, an IUD, either copper or hormonal, such as a Mirena, Kyleena of Jaydess, is a reasonable next option.(Related: Everything You Need to Know About the Arm Implant for Birth Control)

Youre pregnant

The gynecologist says: Some women may experience an implantation bleed once a pregnancy has taken hold. Any irregular period or bleeding warrants a pregnancy test. Implantation bleeds are also a common culprit when a woman finds out she is further along in her pregnancy than expectedthat bleed can be confused for a period.(Related: What You Need to Know if Youre Delaying Pregnancy During Covid)

You’re close to menopause

The gynecologist says: Menopause is a time of transition, which can start five to 10 years prior to periods stopping. Some women experience spotting because they arent releasing an egg each month, and so the body isnt going to have a normal period. Other women, as their hormone levels drop, may experience very light flow or spotting, as the lining of the uterus becomes dormant. In a healthy young woman, spotting is not a warning sign of menopause.”(Related: 9 Questions About Menopause Youve Been too Embarrassed to Ask)

So, now what?

If spotting is rare, and there are no red flags, then a visit to the doctor is probably not necessary,” says Costescu. “The occasional irregular period or episode of spotting is normalbut there are a few conditions associated with spotting that your doctor will want to rule out if you go.His advice? Look for patternswhen it happens and at what point in the cycle it occurs. Make note if you changed sexual partners, are taking new medication, or anything else in your lifestyle that is different and might affect what’s going on down there.

In summary:

In most cases, the occasional episode of spotting is nothing to worry about.
It is normal for some women to experience spotting at the beginning or tail end of a period.
Spotting is common in the first few months of use of any birth control, including pills and IUDs.
Beware of spotting that can be a warning sign for an STD, cervical cancer (spotting comes with pain), an infection (accompanied with fever or discharge), pregnancy, miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy.
Smoking increases the rate of spotting.

Next: The Honest, Expert-Backed Truth About Having Sex While on Your Period

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The Healthiest Sugar to Eat, Bake With and Mix Into Your Tea, According to a Dietitian

Renée Reardin — Wed, 03 May 2023 11:00:24 +0000

To reduce our sugar consumption, many of us have switched to sugar substitutes, which are plant-based or chemical substances that sweeten the flavour of foods and drinks without additional calories. But, as youve probably noticed, such substitutes constantly make headlines for being linked to health concerns. Most recently, a February 2023 study published in the journal Nature Medicine found that people who had a high concentration of erythritol (a sugar substitute loved by the keto set) in their blood were more likely to have a stroke or heart attack. The findings triggered many of us to frantically google if our go-to sugar alternatives, like Stevia, Truvia and Splenda, contain erythritoland left us confused about what we should opt for.Does this mean were better off switching back to plain old table sugar? Not quite. Added sugars, like the aforementioned table variety, have also been linked to equally serious health problemslike high blood pressure, inflammation, diabetes, obesity and fatty liver diseaseall of which increase your risk for heart attack and stroke.(Related: Heres What Sugar Does to Your Skin)It doesn’t matter if you eat white sugar, brown sugar, honey, fruits, or syrupsthey all break down in the body into simple sugars and increase your blood sugar in pretty much the exact same way, says Anisha Gupta, a registered dietitian in Mississauga.Most of us consume more sugar than health pros recommend. Ideally, we should have no more than 24 grams of sugar per day, according to the Heart and Stroke Foundationbut thats not as much as it may sound. For reference, a single KitKat bar contains 22 grams of sugar. Plus, sugar creeps into even the most unsuspecting foods we eat, like pasta sauce and peanut butter, says Gupta, making it even easier to surpass that 24 grams-per-day recommendation.Confused about which sugar to reach for? We are too. So we sat down with Gupta to get things straight.

Is there really zero health difference between brown and white sugar?

Theyre pretty much the same, except brown sugar is less processed than white sugarwhich may or may not bother you. Brown sugar also has more of an earthy taste to it, so instead of choosing it for believing its a healthier option for you, choose it just for its taste. For example, I like to use brown sugar when I make muffins.

Surely, natural sugars like maple syrup, honey, and fruit sugars are a bit healthier than white and brown sugar, right?

There isn’t that much of a difference. Theyre all going to increase your blood sugar in the exact same way. Honey is helpful when you have a sore throat, since it contains antioxidants [which have an anti-inflammatory, soothing effect]. But you can also get antioxidant benefits from other foods in your diet. Instead of worrying about the healthiest sugar, be more mindful of how much sugar you’re consuming overall in your diet.(Related: 12 Easy Food Swaps to Reduce Your Sugar Intake)

Even manuka honey? Its known for boasting so many health benefits!

Sugar is sugar! You can get those benefits from other foods, too.

Okay, so same thing with coconut sugar?

Yeah, pretty much the same thing. Researchers have found it does have some extra healthy properties, like vitamin C and more potassium than white sugar. So for those reasons, coconut sugar can be seen as a great choice. But again, how much coconut sugar are you actually having? A banana gives you a great amount of potassium, having an orange gives you a great amount of vitamin C. So do you really need to substitute your white sugar for coconut sugar, which is generally a little bit more expensive than white sugar? Even looking at the glycemic index [which is the number given to each food on how quickly it will increase your blood sugar] between coconut sugar and white sugar, it’s not that different.

What are your thoughts on artificial sugar?

About the recent study on erythritol, Im not really concerned. The headlines have jumped the gun and made conclusions where there shouldnt be. The study shows a correlation, but not a causation, between erythritol and heart disease. The participants in the study were already at higher risk for heart disease, meaning that the results may not apply to everyone. There isnt enough research right now to suggest that this sugar substitute should be eliminated. There is definitely room for more research on erythritol as well as other sugar substitutes. My recommendation is the same as always, enjoy the sweetener you like, but be mindful of how much you are consuming.

Do you ever recommend artificial sugar to clients?

It depends on the person. There are limits as to how much you can consume. Diabetes Canada has made recommendations based on the science we currently have [you can view those here], but you’d have to be consuming a lot to be even close to surpassing those recommendations.I suggest limiting sweeteners during pregnancy, as there is still not a lot of research around how they can really impact a babys development. I also suggest avoiding sweeteners to anyone with phenylketonuria, digestive distress or an allergy to sulfonamides, and children under 2.On the other hand, if you’re a diabetic person who has high blood sugar, sugar substitutes can be valuable because they can make a difference in your health as they can help lower your blood sugar level.

So, sugar substitutes are safe in small amounts. Is there any other concern around them we should know about?

The sweetness from artificial sweeteners can trick your body into thinking it’s getting a blood sugar rise, but they don’t actually raise your blood sugar. So what happens is you end up getting more sugar cravings later on, which means you may end up eating more sweets.

What about fructose? Do we really have to be worried about sugar from fresh fruit?

Fruit offers so many additional benefits that you don’t really need to worry about the sugar that’s in it. Fruit also has fibre, which helps the body digest food more slowly, so sugar from fruit will be absorbed more slowly too. That means when you eat a fruit, your blood sugar will rise gradually like a hill and come down slowlyinstead of spiking and droppingso you feel better than you would if you ate something like a cookie. Theres no need to avoid fruit because of the sugar content. No one is diabetic or has heart disease or obesity because they’ve eaten too much fruit.

So, in summary, eat the sugar you want but be mindful of how much you consume?

Exactly. Food should be fun. Enjoy it. Be mindful of your sugar intake and reduce it when its convenient to do so.This interview has been edited and condensed for clarity.Next: The Healthiest Milk for Your Coffee, According to Registered Dietitians

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Have 45 Minutes? That’s All You Need for This Yellow Curry and Beef Recipe

Pailin Chongchitnant — Tue, 02 May 2023 11:00:32 +0000

For years I thought of beef curry as a dish that required simmering chunks of stew beef for hours until tender. But for a weeknight, I wondered if there was a way to do it quickly and without a pressure cooker. Then I remembered my days working at a quick-service Thai restaurant, where we churned out pots of fork-tender beef curry in 45 minutes. The secret was using thinly sliced beef and choosing a flavorful but not-too-tough cut so it would not take a long time to tenderize. The restaurant used flank, which was great but a little lean for my liking. I found chuck top blade to be the perfect choice in terms of flavor and fat content, and it only takes about 20 minutes of simmering to become fork-tender.

Quick Yellow Curry with Beef

Gaeng Garee Neua |

Serves 4Cooking Time: 45 minutes

Ingredients

Yellow curry paste

0.7 ounce (20 g) mild dried red chilies, cut in -inch (1.2 cm) chunks
1 tablespoon (15 ml) coriander seeds, toasted 1 teaspoons (7 ml) cumin seeds, toasted
teaspoon (2 ml) white peppercorns 1 teaspoon (5 ml) table salt
1 stalk lemongrass, bottom half only, finely sliced
2 tablespoons (15 g) chopped ginger
2 tablespoons (15 g) chopped galangal
1 tablespoon (8 g) chopped turmeric, or teaspoon (2 ml) ground turmeric
6 cloves (30 g) garlic, chopped
cup (70 g) chopped shallots
1 tablespoon (15 ml) curry powder
2 teaspoons (10 ml) fermented shrimp paste (optional)

Curry and beef

1 pounds (675 g) chuck top blade steak (see note)
1 teaspoon (5 ml) table salt
5 to 6 tablespoons (75 to 90 ml) yellow curry paste, store-bought or homemade, divided
2 cups (500 ml) coconut milk, divided
1 tablespoons (18 g) finely chopped palm sugar, packed
1 to 2 tablespoons (15 to 30 ml) fish sauce 1 tablespoon (15 ml) tamarind paste, store-bought (optional)
10.5 ounces (300 g) waxy potatoes, such as new or red-skinned potatoes, cut into 1-inch chunks
medium (120 g) yellow onion, julienned
cup (100 g) halved cherry tomatoes Jasmine rice, for serving

Directions

For the curry pasteUsing a coffee grinder, grind the dried chilies, coriander seeds, cumin seeds, peppercorns, and salt into a fine powder.If using a heavy-duty mortar and pestle, add the lemongrass, ginger, galangal, and fresh turmeric, and pound into a fine paste. Add the garlic and shallots, and pound into a fine paste. Add the ground chili mixture and pound until well combined. Add the curry powder, ground turmeric, and shrimp paste; pound to mix.If using an immersion blender, place the lemongrass, ginger, galangal, and turmeric in a narrow container, such as a glass measuring cup.Then top it off with the garlic, shallots, and shrimp paste (it is easier to blend with the moister ingredients on top). Use the immersion blender to blend everything until fine. You will need to lift and reposition the blender several times, stopping to scrape the bottom and bringing it to the top halfway through. Once the mixture is fine, add the ground chili mixture, curry powder, and ground turmeric, and blend to mix.Use right away, store in the fridge for up to 3 days, or divide into two portions and freeze for up to a few months.For the curry with beefSlice the steak into 1/8-inch (3 mm) pieces, removing any silver skin on the exterior (the little strip of connective tissue running through the middle of the steak is fine to leave).Place the beef in a medium pot and add just enough water to sub- merge it. Add the salt and 1 tablespoon (15 ml) curry paste and stir to mix; bring to a simmer over high heat. Turn the heat down to low and simmer for 20 to 25 minutes, until fork-tender. The timing will vary if you use a different cut of meat. Skim off any scum that floats to the top.While the beef cooks, make the curry sauce. In a medium pot, bring cup (185 ml) coconut milk to a boil over medium-high heat, then add the remaining curry paste and stir to mix well. Turn the heat down to medium and stir frequently until the mixture is very thick and the coconut oil separates from the paste, about 5 minutes (the oil may not separate depending on the coconut milk youre using; this is okay).Add the remaining coconut milk, sugar, 1 tablespoon (15 ml) fish sauce, and the tamarind paste to the curry. Stir to mix, then bring to a boil over medium-high heat.Add the potatoes and onions, and simmer for 5 minutes, then remove from the heat while you wait for the beef to be done; the potatoes should not be fully cooked at this point.Once the beef is tender, use a slotted spoon to transfer only the beef into the curry. Then add only as much of the beef cooking liquid as needed to keep everything barely submerged. Taste the sauce and adjust the seasoning with more fish sauce, tamarind, or sugar as needed.Turn the heat to medium and simmer the curry for another 5 to 10 minutes, until the potatoes are fully cooked.Stir in the tomatoes, turn off the heat, and allow the tomatoes to soften in the residual heat for 1 to 2 minutes. Serve with jasmine rice.Cooking Beef Out of the Curry: Why not just simmer the beef in the curry itself, you ask? The technique used in this recipe is one thats commonly used in Thai cuisine when cooking with beef, for a couple of reasons. When you simmer the beef, you will notice a lot of brown scum in and on top of the liquid, which would discolor the otherwise beautiful curry sauce. As well, many Thai people dont like the strong beef flavor that would be in the curry if it were all cooked together, especially because beef in Thailand can be quite gamey. And, in our weeknight-friendly case, it also saves time so that we can make the rest of the sauce while the beef is doing its thing.Do-ahead: The whole curry can be made up to 3 days in advance and reheated. If reheating, be sure to not overcook the potatoesor add them when serving.Notes: If you cant find chuck top blade, you can choose other cuts of beef that are flavorful but not too tough. Most inexpensive steaks sold for marinating and grilling fit this bill, and if possible, choose one that is not too lean. If you have time to cook, you can choose any stewing beef and increase the cooking time accordingly.If you dont have tamarind paste, no need to buy or make it just for this recipe. We just need a little bit of acid to brighten up the sauce, so a few dashes of Worcestershire sauce or a squeeze of lime at the end will also do.Excerpted fromSabai by Pailin Chongchitnant. Copyright 2023 Pailin Chongchitnant. Photographs by Janis Nicolay. Published by Appetite by Random House, a division of Penguin Random House Canada Limited. Reproduced by arrangement with the Publisher. All rights reserved.Next: A Simple Recipe for Old-School Pad Gaprao

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3 Women Tell Us What Happened When They Had a Stroke

Vanessa Milne — Mon, 01 May 2023 16:02:13 +0000

Every year, more than 100,000 Canadians have a stroke, and around half of them are women.Most stroke sufferers will experience whats called an ischemic stroke, where a clot blocks blood flow to a part of the brain. When the cells on the other side of that clot stop getting oxygen and nutrients, they die, which causes brain damage and lasting symptoms like memory loss or paralysis. Because each side of the brain controls the opposite side of the body, people who have a stroke in the right side of their brain will often be paralyzed on their left side (and vice versa).Others will have a hemorrhagic stroke, which happens when a weakened blood vessel in the brain leaks or bursts, flooding the surrounding area with blood and causing the cells there to die.Finally, a mini-stroke (the medical term is a transient ischemic attack, or TIA) is when a clot temporarily blocks blood flow to the brain before breaking up on its own. It causes symptoms for an average of 15 minutes and resolves within 24 hours, with minor damage. But its often a warning shot that youll have another stroke within the next few days, says Michael Hill, a neurologist at the University of Calgary and Foothills Hospital and a prominent stroke researcher. For that reason, it definitely warrants an ER trip.The most important thing to know, says Hill, is that the main risk factors for stroke are one: hypertension, two: hypertension and three: hypertension.He explains that blood clots usually develop from uncontrolled high blood pressurealso known as hypertensioncombined with additional factors (such as high cholesterol or smoking). When the pressure of the blood flowing within your arteries is higher than it should be, it damages the walls of those arteries, and your body dispatches white blood cells to the site. When that damage is combined with high cholesterol floating by, sticking to the white blood cells, it results in the accumulation of plaque on the artery wall. The plaque may cause clots, and a big clot can completely block the artery its in, or float to another part of your body and cause trouble there. If it blocks the blood flow to your heart, thats a heart attack. If it impedes the blood flow to your brain, thats a stroke.This is why its so important to check your blood pressure periodically. Both women and men should aim for a reading under about 120/80 mm Hg.The risk of stroke is also higher if you are older than 55; if you have a family history of stroke; if you are obese; or if you have diabetes, high blood cholesterol or atrial fibrillation. People living in poverty (who are more likely to be women than men), some members of racialized communities and Indigenous people, and people living in rural or remote areas are also more likely to have risk factors for stroke, and are less likely to have access to consistent or comprehensive management of those health issues.Recently, newer research has revealed heightened stroke risks that are specific to women: Having endometriosis, taking estrogen-containing birth control, being pregnant and being on hormone replacement therapy all slightly increase the likelihood of stroke. If you experienced pre-eclampsia during a pregnancy, your risk of a stroke later in life doubles.But while some of those risk factors might be out of our control, there is plenty that women can do to lower their risk of stroke, including quitting smoking, getting active, eating more fruit and vegetables and keeping blood pressure in check.Some good news: Over the past decade, medications and treatments for strokes have improved dramatically, and considerably more Canadians who suffer a stroke now survive. One newer, game-changing treatment is called endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), in which doctors go into the bloodstream after the clot has blocked the blood flow with a small flexible tube and physically pull the clot out. At Foothills, which was one of the first hospitals to test and pioneer this extraction procedure, Hill worked on a study finding that, for very large, serious strokes, EVT has radically improved patient quality of life and cut death rates in half.It has transformed care for that group of people, says Patrice Lindsay, director of health systems at the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.But these new meds and interventions work best if people seek help within minutes of having a stroke. Statistically, we can show that every 10 minutes makes a difference, says Hill. Coming in early can make the difference between walking out of the hospital two days later or being in long-term care, paralyzed.

Carla Hindman

Communications professional and 44-year-old mother of three in TorontoI was only 41 when I had a stroke. I was at my office, and at around 1 p.m. I went to the bathroom. When I went to wash my hands, I looked at myself in the mirror and I couldnt see properly. I thought, This is really weird. When I finished washing my hands and walked back to my desk, I put my head down and started to cry. A colleague beside me was like, Whats going on? And I said, Somethings wrong with my eyes. But then I said, I think Im having an ocular migraineI had had one before. I didnt know that vision changes were also a sign of stroke.My colleagues decided to call my husband, Matt, who worked across the street. We jumped in a cab together to go to our doctors office, and by the time we got there, my face was drooping, I was slurring and I had weakness in my left side. Matt was thinking, Oh my God, this looks like a stroke. Since we were in front of my family doctors office, he decided to take me inside instead of wasting more time going all the way back downtown to the ERhe thought it would be better to get medical advice as soon as possible. But they took one look at me at the doctors office and called 911.When we were waiting for the ambulance, Matt told me to raise my hands. I raised only the right one, and he said, Both of them! I yelled back at him, I am raising both of them! but my left arm was dead at my sideI just didnt know it.I dont remember anything after that until midnight. But I had left the doctors office in an ambulance, and they had assessed me, given me clot-busting medication and put me in the ICU. My mom had flown in from Ottawa to be with me, and Matt had gone home to be with our three kids. The nurses were coming in every once in a while, showing me flashcards, asking me what the pictures were. My mom said that at midnight it was like a switch flipped, and I was back to normal.At the hospital, they found a hole in my heart, which I had no idea was there. They said that this was what caused the strokethose holes can allow blood clots to travel to the brain instead of the lungs, where they would normally go. A year later, I had a procedure to repair it, and now my risk of a stroke is as low as an average persons.I was extremely, extremely lucky: I didnt have any lasting physical deficiencies after the stroke. But I do have a few issues with short-term memory still, and sometimes I have trouble coming up with the word I want. And I was exhausted afterwardI was off work for a month and then had to do a staggered re-entry after that.I didnt know that people my age could have strokes, but now I have met so many people who have had them in their 40s. It happens all the time. I think everyone should know what the signs of a stroke are and that vision changes are one of them. If more people knew the signs, and that young people can have strokes, they might feel empowered to call 911 in situations like mine, and a lot more people could get the help they need faster.

Kathy Isaac

Cybersecurity executive and 47-year-old married mother of two in Ajax, OntarioI had a stroke two years ago while I was in the ICU, hospitalized for COVID. After about two days, I woke up with extreme nausea, and I was dizzy and vomiting for days. But my doctors didnt realize what was happening, even after my left hand started to feel strange and heavy. Eventually, I realized I couldnt hold my fork in that hand.A week later, when a physiotherapist came to prepare me to go home, she was the one who noticed the signs of stroke. They did a brain scan, and a doctor came the day before I was supposed to leave and said, I have bad newsyouve had a stroke. I thought he had the wrong person. I actually said to him, No, Im Kathy.In my head, Im thinking, Im 45 years old. Strokes are for older people. Im better, Im going home.Even after I realized something had happened, I still felt like, if Ive had a stroke, what does that mean? They started to talk to me about neuroplasticity, and they explained that the best window for recovery is the first six months.So I wasnt wasting any time. I started walking in my hospital room while I was still attached to oxygen. Then I did outpatient therapy: physical therapy, occupational therapy and a little bit of speech therapy, too. I had a singular goal: I wanted to go in one direction, to make progress. I did everything they asked. And I did wellI hit the physical milestones by about three months out.But it still all felt so heavy. I had a meltdown one day with my physiotherapist and just cried. Eventually, I was connected to the Heart and Stroke Foundation and the March of Dimes. I was in a young stroke survivors group for a long time.Just before I went into the hospital for COVID, I had graduated from Ivey Business School in London, Ontario, with my MBA. It was hard, really hardI did it while I was working as an executive, and as a wife and mother. I thought about quitting. But the motto at Ivey was trust the process. And I decided, no, Im gonna tough it out.That was an important life lesson. When I went to rehab, I knew to just put in the work, and trust the process. Im a born-again Christian and I do believe, like the Bible says, that all things work together for good. To me, the MBA prepared me.Im a few years out from the stroke now. My mobility is really good, and work is going well, tooI think I perform very well. But I have to work every day to not regressI walk or use my spin bike. And Im not the same. My balance can be a little wonky, I cant handle noisy situations and I have more anxiety. I still have precision issues in my left hand because the message from the brain to my left hand is delayed. If I type with both hands, the right hand will be fine and the left hand will be behind.One of the biggest challenges Ive had is friends and acquaintances thinking Im all better. Im not looking for sympathy, but I need people to understand that Im not 100 percent. Even when I park in a disabled parking spotwhich I need to doIve been confronted by strangers when I get out of my car. Because I dont use a cane or a walker, I dont get the understanding and help that I need.

Earle Hoyte

76-year-old retired church administrator, caregiver and grandmother in TorontoOne weekend I went on a short trip. After I got home, off the train, I said something to my granddaughter, and it felt like it wasnt coming out right. But when I asked her if she could understand what I was saying, she said yes. And I also felt very tired, so I just went to bed.In the morning, my tongue felt very heavy, and when I went to put on my lipstick, my hand kept falling down. My son-in-law and daughter-in-law were there and they said, You dont sound wellwe should take you to the hospital. I knew I wasnt fine; I felt different. But I didnt know it was a stroke. I thought only old people had strokes and I was only 75.And I didnt realize what else was happening to me. At the hospital, the nurses recognized it immediately as stroke and pushed me through. The doctors did a lot of tests. But I didnt realize the effect the stroke had on me until the doctor asked me to sign my name on a document. It was only then that I realized I couldnt. I was just scribbling.They told me my stroke was caused by atrial fibrillationan irregular heartbeat. I didnt know I had it before the stroke. They put me on blood thinners, and with atrial fibrillation, its quite easy to have another stroke. So I have to be quite careful, and take my tablets every day.After I left the hospital, I was referred to the University Centre location of Toronto Rehab. Before I went, I didnt know what to expect. I was scared. But everybody I met there was so warm to meeven the receptionist. They were very positive, and it helped very much.I went there for three months, as an outpatient. We worked on the physical: I had to walk with a walker, and up and down stairs, and practice stepping over things. They focused on my balance a lot, too.They also worked on my memory, because whenever I tried to speak, I had to think for a long time to remember what I wanted to say. And a speech therapist helped with my voiceI used to sing in the church choir, and I couldnt sing anymore. My drivers licence was suspended, and they worked on that with me. I even did a driving simulation at Toronto Rehab.At one point, I didnt want to go, because I was feeling depressed. They referred me to a social worker, and to the March of Dimes program for people with disabilities. Now I go several times a week. March of Dimes has a stroke textbook, too, that I wish I had had before, because it tells you what to expect, what questions to ask, who is going to see you and what each person will do for you.Ive improved a lotIm back to singing in the choir, and Im able to be a caregiver to my elderly sister. But there are things I cant do anymore, like baking or reaching items off the highest shelves. I had to completely rearrange my kitchen. Holding my arms down for so long, or holding something heavyits too hard.I wish everybody knew that if your body feels strange, seek help. You dont know what it isit could be anything. Especially if its something you havent experienced before. Dont say, Let me wait and seeseek help immediately. Thats the key.Next: How Heart Disease Affects Women Differently Than Men

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The Right Antidepressant for You, According to a Clinical Pharmacist

Colleen Seto — Thu, 27 Apr 2023 11:00:42 +0000

Antidepressants are commonly prescribed to treat depression and anxietyabout 13 percent of Canadians take them, according to a small 2021 study. They were designed to increase the release of specific neurotransmitters [like serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine] in certain areas of the brain to help restore the imbalance and improve communication between neurons to treat symptoms of depression, says Dr. Melanie McLeod, a board-certified psychiatric pharmacist. While physicians and researchers know this correlates with improvement in depressive symptoms and brain functioning, says McLeod, they still dont fully understand how much of the improvements in mood are the result of the drugs, and why some patients respond preferentially to certain antidepressants versus others. These unknowns are one of several reasons why doctors need to recommend various antidepressants to patients to find the one that works with them.(Related: Can You Ever Stop Taking Antidepressants?)In other words, antidepressants are not a one-size-fits-all treatment. A doctor or healthcare professional should examine a patients symptoms and medical history and tailor the treatment options to suit their specific needs, says McLeod. There are also many factors to consider when prescribing antidepressants, including tolerability, side effects, the patients symptoms (for example, choosing a medication with a sleep-promoting agent for someone experiencing insomnia), safety considerations related to other medical conditions, risk of drug interactions, patient preference, cost, and safety for specific individuals, age groups or illnesses. She says that, for women, there are additional considerations related to menstruation, pregnancy and lactation.Whats more, there are different classes of antidepressants to consider. Many inhibit reuptake, which is the process where neurotransmitters are naturally reabsorbed back into nerve cells in the brain. A reuptake inhibitor prevents this from happening to increase neurotransmitter activity. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increase levels of serotonin in the brain while serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) increase both serotonin and norepinephrine. Norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs) increase norepinephrine and dopamine. Tricyclics also impact serotonin and norepinephrine, but are less selective than SSRIs. They act on receptors throughout the body.Heres a rundown of the pros, cons and common side effects of some often-prescribed antidepressants. Theyre sold under multiple trade names, but all are available in generic format, which tends to cost less.(Note that discontinuation symptomssuch as nausea and difficulty sleepingmay occur with any of these medications when stopped abruptly.)

Escitalopram (Lexapro)

Pros: An SSRI often prescribedl for anxiety and depressive symptoms. Along with other SSRIs, its considered a top choice by some for use during pregnancy and lactation.Cons: Potential for sexual dysfunction and weight gain.Possible side effects: nausea, headache, dry mouth, dizziness, weakness, excessive sweating

Sertraline (Zoloft)

Pros: An SSRI that is used to treat depressive symptoms and other mental health conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and panic disorder. Generally considered safe for use in pregnancy and lactation. Less expensive than other medications.Cons: Potential for sexual dysfunction.Possible common side effects: Nausea, sleep issues, headache, diarrhea, loss of appetite, dry mouth

Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

Pros: An SNRI used for anxiety and depression. It can also be used to treat pain from medical conditions like fibromyalgia and diabetic neuropathy.Cons: Potential for severe drug interactions.Possible common side effects: sleepiness, headache, insomnia, dizziness, blurred vision, diarrhea, lack of energy, constipation

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

Pros: An SNRI prescribed for anxiety and depression, and generally well tolerated. May help reduce menopause-related hot flashes.Cons: Safety concerns to consider with pregnancy.Possible common side effects: nausea, sweating, headache, drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness

Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Aplenzin, Zyban)

Pros: An NDRI used for depression, seasonal affective disorder and smoking cessation. It may help improve focus, concentration and motivation, and help with coping with fatigue.Cons: May be too stimulating for some; may aggravate anxiety symptoms and insomnia. Not always suitable for those with an eating disorder or who are prone to seizures.Possible common side effects: agitation, drowsiness, difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, dry mouth, dizziness

Mirtazapine (Remeron)

Pros: A tetracyclic drug used to treat symptoms of depression and anxiety. Promotes sleep and improves insomnia with low reports of sexual dysfunction. It can also increase appetite, which is beneficial for individuals who are underweight.Cons: Its strong sedation effect causes excessive tiredness. Some experience unwanted weight gain. Can, on rare occasions, cause changes in menstrual cycle, which is considered to be a severe side effect.Possible common side effects: dry mouth, headache, sleepiness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation

Vortioxetine (Trintellix)

Pros: An SSRI that also modulates serotonin receptors. Its used to treat major depressive disorder and has been shown to be helpful with improving cognitive impairment associated with depression. Low reports of sexual dysfunction and weight gain.Cons: It can be expensive compared to other antidepressants. Nausea is quite prevalent in the first two weeks of treatment.Possible common side effects: nausea, constipation, vomiting, dizziness, dry mouth, diarrhea, headacheNext: Frustrated Your Antidepressants Arent Working? Heres What You Need To Know

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Is It Actually Possible to Shrink Large Pores? Experts Weigh In

Caitlin Agnew — Thu, 27 Apr 2023 11:00:20 +0000

The #flawless nature of social-media filters has left many desiring a skin texture thats completely smooth and pore freeimpossible IRL. But Elizabeth Layton, regional education trainer at M.A.C Cosmetics, says that large pore size has actually long been a concern in the makeup chair. People commonly complain that they see their pores as large and have been unable to diminish their appearance with skin care and makeup, says Layton. They often fixate on these perceived flaws rather than celebrating their beautiful features. She adds that all of this constant exposureboth to highly edited images and ads for products that falsely claim to completely erase poresdoesnt help.The images set an unrealistic expectation for the consumer who now expects near-instant results.(Related: Hows Your Skin Barrier Doing? (Heres How to Know)Its important to remember that our pores do in fact serve a very important function. Dr. Geeta Yadav, board-certified dermatologist, and founder of FACET Dermatology in Toronto, explains that these tiny openings on the skins surface are connected to the sebaceous glands (the organ that secretes sebum) beneath, and function as release valves to allow sebum to flow to the skin’s surface, keeping it balanced and nourished. Unfortunately, pores can expand over time. As skin becomes more lax with age, so do the pores on your skin, Yadav says, adding that pores can also become larger when they are congested with sebum.But, there are some strategies for maintaining or temporarily reducing pore size and a glut of new pore-minimizing products to choose from. Skin-care formulas can reduce the appearance of pores, but not necessarily shrink them permanently once they have been dilated, Yadav says. She recommends using products with salicylic acid, also known as beta-hydroxy acid, an oil-soluble ingredient that can go within the pore where it breaks down excess sebum that may be causing congestion. By doing this, sebum can effectively and smoothly flow through the pore rather than worsen any blockages,” she says. Retinoids can also help, particularly when large pores are caused by weaker and oily skin. They regulate oil production while helping to strengthen the skin and promote collagen production, says Yadav.At dermatologist offices, professional treatments like laser skin resurfacing and microneedling are the most popular in reducing pores. Yadav says they work by causing intentional, controlled damage to skin that stimulates collagen production. When the laser damages the skin, your skin goes into overdrive with its natural healing response, generating new collagen which will help firm up the look of pores.Makeup can also diminish the look of pores through light-refracting and blurring effects. M.A.Cs Layton suggests following a hydrating skin-care routine, as makeup wears better on moisturized skin, and applying a primer before foundation. When seeking a foundation to minimize texture, I suggest products that blur and trick the lightalmost mimicking a filter, she says. Use it all over the face to even tone or spot-cover to address the areas where you want more blurring.One of Laytons pro tips to soften the appearance of large pores is to apply powder, which she points out is also a great choice for those who dont want to wear foundation. The new generation of powders are refined, gentle and non-drying, leaving skin with a weightless blur, she says. Her top pick? M.A.Cs new Studio Fix Pro Set + Blur Weightless Loose Powder, a light-reflecting setting powder with a matte finish. Its so soft, blurs and smooths the look of pores and creates a breathable veil, Layton says. Its like your skin but better.Our top skin care and makeup picks for minimizing large pores:Origins Clear Improvement Active Charcoal Mask to Clear Pores, $39.50, origins.caDermalogica Porescreen SPF 40, $77, dermalogica.caSkinceuticals Silymarin CF Salicylic Acid Acne Treatment, $182, skinceuticals.comM.A.C Studio Fix Pro Set + Blur Weightless Loose Powder, $44,maccosmetics.caNext: The Best Skin Care Routine for Your Age, According to Dermatologists

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I Tried the Trendy Pretzel Dip Sex Move—Here’s What Happened

Sadaf Ahsan — Wed, 26 Apr 2023 11:00:40 +0000

On a recent Wednesday night, feeling peckish and bored, I ordered a pizza and my situationship (a.k.a. the person Im sort of dating) over to heat things up. We ate said pizza, drank some whiskey, and eventually slithered away to my bedroom.It was my first time hooking up with this particular partner, and one of the few times I didnt jump into bed on the first date. In other words, there was a fair bit of pent-up energy between us, which transpired into an evening of unexpected sexual acrobatics. It was a night that had it all: missionary, doggy, cowgirl, you name it. But none seemed to scratch my itchuntil he rearranged my limbs, and entered me with that same satisfying feeling of sliding in a final puzzle piece. What was this position that felt just right? A buzzy move called the pretzel dip, which happened to be on my sex to-do list.(Related: The Absolute Best Sex Position, According to Experts)Heres how the move went: I lay on my right side, and he kneeled down, straddling my right leg. I wrapped my left leg around his torso and thrusted and grinded, and we used our hands to please each other further. We kept eye contact the whole time, dirty talking while tangled up together. Orgasming was easy, and every part of my body felt pleasure.According to Rashida Ahmed, a Toronto-based sex educator and intimacy coach, the pretzel dip promotes greater intimacy than most other positions because it allows for greater eye contact and hand play, since you dont need to hold yourself up. Plus, for those with vaginas, there are a lot more nerve endings near the opening of the vaginal canal, so a position like the pretzel dip can allow for more direct clitoral stimulation, says Ahmed. It can also be a great position for a partner who isnt well-endowed or is average-sized, as it allows for deep penetration.The pretzel deep also allows you to get deep, emotionally. My partner and I talked through each move and ended up discovering what pleases each other most. Thanks to all the eye contact, all other noise in the room disappeared and we were fully focused on each other. Ahmed says the pretzel dip is a common tantric sex exercise that she recommends to her patients. The position (even for couples who are fully clothed) creates a closeness where they can feel literally intertwined, synchronize their breathing and thereby connect more deeply.Whats more, the position is gentle enough for someone like me who has PCOS and can experience pain from sex. According to Ahmed thats because its not high impact, and can therefore be an ideal move for a range of people, including those with mobility issues.But the position might not be comfortable right from the start. If not, Ahmed suggests trying different angles, straightening the leg if need be, and also bringing in pillows underneath the hip (as I did). You may also want to change your location, such as opting for a couch or a flat surface like the floor for more support, as additional bounce might just be too painful for those with hip issues. I used an especially fluffy comforter to wrap around us so we were padded in every direction.No matter how you slice twist it, the pretzel dip gets the job doneand quickly, effectively, and repeatedly. You can really allow yourself to have multiple orgasms with it, says Ahmed, because it stimulates a lot more of the vulva and penis than other positions.Next: 18 Goodies Thatll Help Turn Up the Heat in the Bedroom

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A Simple Recipe for Old-School Pad Gaprao

Pailin Chongchitnant — Tue, 25 Apr 2023 11:00:53 +0000

Pad gaprao, sometimes written (incorrectly) as pad kra pao, is a true staple of the Thai diet. Its sold by street vendors and at fancy restaurants, and made at home all over the country. I call this the old school version because its the old style that differs from the newer variants that are more popular today. Its much simpler, seasoned with only fish sauce, and has no vegetables, so the flavor of the basil really shines. Modern variations include soy sauce, oyster sauce, and veggies like onions and long beans. Theres no wrong way to do it, and I want to share this piece of history before it disap- pearsand also because its much simpler to make than modern versions, but equally delicious!

Old-School Pad Gaprao

Pad Gaprao Moo Kai Dao |

Serves 4Cooking Time: 10 minutes, plus 5 to 10 minutes if frying eggs

Ingredients

2 to 3 Thai chilies, or as many as you can handle
1/3 cup (40 g) chopped mild red peppers
7 cloves (35 g) garlic
Oil for frying eggs (optional)
4 eggs (optional, see note)
2 to 3 tablespoons (30 to 45 ml) neutral oil
1 pound (450 g) lean ground pork
2 tablespoons (30 ml) fish sauce
2 teaspoons (10 ml) granulated sugar
1 cups (22 g) holy basil or Italian basil leaves (see note)
Jasmine rice, for serving

Notes: Pad gaprao is typically paired with a fried egg when served as a one-dish meal. If serving as part of a multi-dish Thai meal, you can omit the egg.You might be tempted to use Thai basil instead, but Italian basil is actually the better substitute.

Directions

Using a mortar and pestle, pound the Thai chilies until fine, then add the mild red peppers and garlic and pound into a rough paste.If youre making fried eggs, make them now. In a small nonstick frying pan, heat about 1/3 inch (8 mm) of oil over medium-high heat. Test the temperature of the oil by adding a little piece of vegetable scrap, like the garlic or pepper, and it should bubble excitedly right away. Once the oil is hot, add 1 egg. The white should bubble up right away. Using a spoon to occasionally baste the top of the egg with oil to help it cook faster, cook for about 1 minute for a runny yolk, or 2 minutes for a set yolk. You want the white crispy and browned, so if its not browning, turn up the heat. Remove the egg from the pan and drain on paper towel; repeat with the remaining eggs.Place a wok on medium heat, then add the oil and garlic-chili paste. Stir for about 2 minutes, until the smallest bits of garlic start to turn golden.Turn the heat up to high, add the ground pork, then quickly toss to mix with the garlic-chili paste. Add the fish sauce and sugar, and keep tossing and breaking up the pork until it is fully cooked.Turn off the heat, then add the holy basil and cook just until wilted. Taste and adjust the seasoning with fish sauce and sugar as needed.Plate and serve with jasmine rice. If serving as a one-dish meal, place the rice on a plate, spoon the pork over it, and top everything with the fried egg.Tip:I usually say you can make things as spicy as you want, but for the real pad gaprao experience, you should make it as spicy as you can handle! But it’s not just about the heat, as chilies also provide flavor that’s important to this dish. This is why we use mild and hot chilies; the mild ones add the needed chili flavor without making the dish too spicy. Red bell pepper will work, but preferably something smaller and less watery. The seeds and pith can be removed to reduce heat.Excerpted fromSabaiby Pailin Chongchitnant. Copyright 2023 Pailin Chongchitnant. Photographs by Janis Nicolay. Published by Appetite by Random House, a division of Penguin Random House Canada Limited. Reproduced by arrangement with the Publisher. All rights reserved.Next: How to Make Egg Fried Rice (And Use Up Fridge Leftovers)

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Why Everyone’s Playing Pickleball Right Now

Grace Toby — Mon, 24 Apr 2023 11:00:16 +0000

Leonardo DiCaprio is obsessed with it. LeBron James bought a team. Grand Slam tennis champ Serena Williams said she could make it her second career. And, recently, my friends and I also picked up this buzzy racquet sport.Pickleball is the fastest-growing sport in North America, boasting nearly 5 million players on this continent with millions more worldwide. From 2020 to 2022, the number of participants in Canada tripled, with about one million picklers playing monthly. Although older adults were the early adopters, today the largest increase is among millennials, with female participants outnumbering men in most age groups.The sport is an amalgam of badminton, table tennis and tennis. Just swap a tennis racquet for a smaller, solid-faced paddle and the fuzzy ball for a plastic Wiffle ball, set the net eight inches lower, shrink the court down to about a quarter of its size and youve got the makings of a pickleball game. The condensed playing field makes it less taxing on the body and allows for more ralliesand chit-chat. For first-timers, these differences make the sport more welcoming and easier to pick up.Pickleball might seem like it arrived to enthusiastic fanfare overnight. However, its inception can be traced back to the summer of 1965, when three American dads concocted the game while trying to entertain their bored kids. More recently, it surged in popularity during the pandemic lockdown, when many people were looking for new outdoor activities to help them safely stay fit. Pickleball has now made the leap from backyard pastime to primetime, with televised matches and celebrity tournaments.Drummond Munro, a lifelong racquet-sports enthusiast, was introduced to pickleball in South Carolina six years ago. This past summer, he co-founded Fairgrounds Public Racket Club, a public pickleball court in Toronto, and has plans to roll out more locations across Canada. Munros goal is to introduce the sport more widely and democratize the culture around sports clubs. Were building a new type of social club that removes that elitist, exclusive nature often associated with traditional clubs, says Munro. While many sports clubs have invitation-only admittance and high initiation fees, plus yearly dues and minimum spends, Fairgrounds is accessible to all agesanyone can book a court time onlineand inexpensive ($10 per visit, with free admission on Tuesdays).Catherine Parenteau, 27, is a Montreal native and the number two-ranked international pro pickleball player. She picked up the sport seven years ago after being sidelined from competing in tennis once her full scholarship at Michigan State University ended. Since she began touring as a pro pickleball player, shes witnessed the sport explode worldwide. Its much easier than other [racquet] sports to get a rally going because the ball doesnt bounce as much. This allows you to control your shots more and keep the ball going, says Parenteau. She also likes that the sport is inclusive and crosses all generations and abilities. I can hit balls with my grandmother and have great rallies. You can play with someone of any age and level.The initial draw for my own group of friends was the social aspect that allowed us to participate in an event together. That we could learn a new sport while engaging in an athletic activity outdoors was simply a bonus. Pickleball strikes the perfect balance of fun and fitness. Plus, its beginner-friendly, which makes it easy for newcomers to join our pick-up matches. Our rotating roster of friends and family balloons every weekit even brought out our Gen Z offspring. By 2030, pickleball is projected to have 40 million people playing worldwide, and our kids and parents will likely be included among those fans.

The health benefits of pickleball

Here are all the ways this racquet sport is a smash hit for your body and mind.Heart HealthPickleball combines short bursts of intensity with periods of recovery, which is a great way to condition the heart and strengthen your cardiovascular system, says registered physiotherapist Meg MacPherson.Muscle Control and StrengthOur bodies are designed to moveand to move in various directions. These sudden multidirectional movements improve muscle control. Over the course of a match, youll engage nearly every muscle from the upper body to your legs and core, says MacPherson.Cardio BoostYou can expect a heart-pumping workout during an hour-long match. According to researchers at the University of Manitoba, people playing singles or doubles can clock heart rates that indicate moderate to vigorous activity. Apple recently added pickleball to its roster of trackable workouts; on average, you can burn 400 to 700 calories per hour.AgilityWith its sudden movements and lower downtime, pickleball encourages agility and a higher control of your actions, says MacPherson. That allows you to react swiftly and effectively to your environment.Social ConnectionMacPherson notes that participating in a sport that allows you to engage with others can release endorphins (those feel-good brain chemicals that also work as a natural painkiller).CoordinationRacquet sports famously improve hand-eye coordination, a skill essential for initiating and reacting to action.

Up Your Game

Three expert tips from Catherine Parenteau:

Always try to return the ball deep (meaning close to the opponents baseline) so you have time to set up your next shot.
Ensure the balls contact point is in front of your body for maximum control of your shot.
Dont be afraid of the kitchena zone that extends seven feet from the net on both sides. While you cant enter the kitchen if the ball hasnt already bounced, you can still reach in to hit it as long as you keep your feet behind the kitchen line.

Next: This Yogi Will Make You Want to Take Up Surfing

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Mouth Taping: What Is It, and Is It Actually Worth It?

Mira Miller — Thu, 20 Apr 2023 09:00:34 +0000

As more and more people have learned about the benefits of nasal breathing, the trend of mouth taping has taken off, and its not just for bio-hackers and those susceptible to wellness fads. Driven by social media, this health trend has resulted in many peoplemainly TikTok userstaping their mouths shut at night (yes, really) to stop them from breathing through their mouths.While many online health hacks are baseless, this one isnt quite as bizarre, dangerous or ill-advised as it may sound. The importance of breathing through your nose at night shouldnt be discounted, as anyone with sleep apnea or a snoring issue (or who shares a bed with someone who struggles with these issues!) might already know. That’s because nasal breathing provides a number of health benefits, while mouth breathing is associated with a list of potential problems.

Why breathing out of your nose is better than mouth-breathing

Nasal breathing allows an individual to breathe more slowly and effectively. The nose is designed to filter viruses, bacteria, debris and allergens, says Sabrina Magid-Katz, a New York-based dentist who specializes in sleep dentistry and related sleep disorders. People are finally starting to think about what some ancient cultures have always knownthat breathing in and out through the nose is healthier, says Magid-Katz, referencing the nasal breathing exercises taught in yoga and Tai Chi classes.The nose humidifies the air we breathe, and also increases oxygen to the bloodstream, improves lung function, and decreases stress on the body. The bodys cells are able to get the oxygen they need more efficiently from the bloodstream, allowing the body to function optimally, the muscles to recover faster and the heart to work less hard. Who wouldnt want less stress and inflammation, and more stamina, energy and mental function? she says.On the other hand, mouth breathing causes dry mouth, according to Brian Rotenberg, a head and neck surgeon and a professor of Otolaryngology at Western University in London, Ont. This is because the mouth isnt capable of humidifying air in the same way as the nose. Saliva typically washes bacteria from the mouth when its closed, but it can more easily survive and cause issues when the mouth is open and drypotentially leading to bad breath, gum disease and cavities, he says.Breathing dry air through the mouth can also cause inflammation of the airway and further block it, says Magid-Katz. This creates an airway that is more collapsible, which can lead to Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) a medical condition in which someone stops breathing while theyre sleeping, interrupting their sleep cycle and often decreasing the oxygen in their blood. This condition is associated with other medical conditions including high blood pressure, stroke and diabetes, she says, as well as chronic sleep deprivation or a sense of never feeling truly rested.

What causes mouth breathing?

There are a few different reasons why an individual might be a mouth breather, Magid-Katz says. Some people breathe through their mouth because their nasal passage is blocked as a result of allergies, and others do so due to a structural problem, such as a deviated septum. Mouth breathing often starts when were kids, she says, preventing muscular habits and dental arches from growing to properly support the nasal passage.Enlarged tonsils and adenoidsas well as whats called soft tissue trauma, often caused by snoring can also block the airway, which only further encourages mouth breathing and, in turn, creates a vicious cycle of more trauma and enlargement. Other people breathe through their mouth out of habit, she says. Interestingly, the less they breathe through their nose, the harder it may become.

Signs you might be a mouth breather

If you constantly wake up with an exceptionally dry mouth or lips, or even a sore throat, Rotenberg says theres a good chance youre breathing through your mouth at night. Since some nighttime mouth breathers also breathe through their mouths during the day, you can try looking at photos or observing yourself in the mirror. If your lips are parted or your mouth is hanging open, chances are youre breathing through it, says Magid-Katz. You can also self-assess your smile, as an extra gummy smile might mean youve been mouth breathing since childhood. Or, look at your posture from a side angle, or get someone to take a picture of you. Those with blocked airways, including mouth breathers, tend to have heads that reach forward because theyre trying to get more air. (Since most mouth breathing starts in childhood, our posture can naturally develop this way to accommodate the habit.)

How does mouth taping work?

The practice consists of using some kind of porous tapenot duct tape or masking tapeto keep the lips shut at night in order to encourage nasal breathing. Its appearance differs based on the brand, but mouth tape is often thin, transparent and can be applied horizontally, vertically or in a criss-cross shape across the lips. If youre picturing looking like a hostage with tape across your mouth, you can take comfort in knowing the tape made specifically for this purpose doesnt look quite as alarming as duct tape would although its still slightly creepy and strange-looking. And while it will be more challenging to talk to your partner or take a sip of water in the night, mouth taping fans say the benefits can outweigh these minor inconveniences.If you are going to try tape, use one that is porous and is not too adhesive so that you can still open your mouth if need be, Magid-Katz suggests. This way, she says, the tape is more of a reminder and less restrictive. Some users try basic surgical tape from the pharmacy. She recommends doing an initial trial run for a short period of time during the day or early evening, when you are awake and calm.Once you apply the tape, put your tongue to the roof of your mouth and breathe through your nose slowly. You can even do this with the help of a meditative breathing app.If it does not feel right for you, dont do it, she says. Most importantly, always make sure you are able to breathe through your nose safely.According to Magid-Katz, some people do find mouth taping combined with over-the-counter nose strips (which are worn outside the nose and help open the sinus passages) to be effective. (You can also use nasal dilators, which go inside the nostrils.)And while Magid-Katz says mouth taping could work for some, Rotenberg says hes firmly against mouth taping. Thats because mouth breathing is usually caused by some kind of obstruction, so taping the mouth shut without an understanding of what the source of obstruction is in the first place doesnt really make sense. Its not as if you can psychologically trick yourself to overcome nasal allergies or a deviated septum, he says.

What to do if youre a mouth breather

Instead of mouth taping, Rotenberg says its a better idea to go see your healthcare provider to figure out what the actual source of the obstruction is and treat that instead. There are lots of safe and proven solutions, you just need to have the correct diagnosis first, he says. Allergies, for example, can be treated with nasal steroid sprays, while surgery is an option for polyps or a deviated septum.Magid-Katz also recommends speaking to a physician or dentist who is knowledgeable when it comes to the airway. Its important to make sure the nasal passage is clear and the dental arches allow for proper nasal breathing, she says, and you can also talk to a myofunctional therapist who can help strengthen and retrain the muscles. Some dental appliances are designed to help children and adults correct the habit as well. For some people, the more they breathe through their nose the clearer and easier it gets, so the first thing to do is become more conscious of it, she says. Try setting your phone alarm periodically throughout the day as a reminder to think about whether your mouth is open and how youre breathing, or have a friend or loved one look at you periodically and note if your mouth is open. Set aside time each morning and night to practice proper breathing techniques.Next: Can a Weighted Blanket with Cooling Tech Help Me Sleep (and Not Over-Heat)?

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A Field Guide to Your Vaginal Microbiome

Caitlin Stall-Paquet — Tue, 18 Apr 2023 11:30:30 +0000

The microbes that naturally flourish in our nether regions are team players: They support a delicate equilibrium and help to keep our reproductive organs healthy. Though scientists have known for over a century that the vaginas microbiology is complex, they are just starting to crack the microscopic code of what keeps it balanced and what throws it out of whack. Just like with gut bacteriawhich have been linked to a plethora of issues including weight gain and mood disordersthe vaginas particular microbial mix is now thought to play a role in mediating the risk of certain cancers, protecting against STIs and vaginal infections and, potentially, bringing pregnancies to term.(Related: Are Your Bath Products Bad for Your Vag?)Like plenty of things bits-related, the vaginal microbiome gets swinging during puberty. (The microbes are thought to proliferate as estrogen shoots up, though more research is needed to confirm this link.) Thats when lactobacilli, a type of bacteria that produces lactic acid, start getting cozy in the female sex organs. The Lactobacillus crispatus variety(which experts call L. crisp, aka the Queen Bee of vag bacteria) helps create an ideal vaginal pH below 4.5.(Researchers think these lactobacilli may originate in the gut and find their way to the vagina because of its proximity to the anusa totally normal biological phenomenon, and nothing to worry about.) An acidic environment is necessary for vaginas to keep them better protected from invading bacteria and fungi. In many women, L. crisp will make up 95 percent of the vaginal microbiome. Unlike in the gut, which is home to a thick layer of mucus, bacteria in the vaginal canal live directly on its internal epithelial tissue.Hints about the vaginas microbiological complexity first showed up under microscopes in the early 1900s, when scientists were baffled by the rod-shaped lactobacilli and deposits of glycogen (a form of glucose) they were seeing in these tissues. Glycogen plays a role in the bodys energy storage and is usually found in the liver, so scientists were surprised to find it in the vagina, explains Laura Sycuro, an assistant professor at the University of Calgarys Cumming School of Medicine who runs a research group that investigates the vaginal microbiome. More than a century later, researchers are still working to prove their hypothesis (and, due to chronic underfunding, it continues to be a hypothesis) that glycogen feeds the lactobacilli. What researchers like Sycuro are starting to understand is that this living environment is constantly in flux, as its altered by things like menstrual flow, pregnancy, menopause or the exchange of bodily fluids.

Why the microbiome matters

Thanks to millennia of medical literature dominated by male voices, theres a fundamental and pernicious misunderstanding of how female bodies work. For example, drawing on Ancient Greek ideas, physician and chemist Edward Jorden claimed in a 1603 text that uteruses were prone to…wandering. Then there was the 19th-century belief that women shouldnt board trains because travelling at more than 50 miles per hour could make our uteruses shoot out of our bodies (yes, really). We may now have at least basic female anatomy figured out, but womens health continues to be underexamined, and the vaginal microbiome in particular remainsunnecessarilyan enigma. Researchers still have to fight for funding and are often faced with surprising ignorance when it comes to female biology. Reviewers fundamentally did not believe me that bacterial vaginosis, or BV, is caused by bacteria, and Im like, okay, so this is 30 years of clinical research, says Sycuro. (The review panel insisted that fungi are also a major player in vaginosis, but Sycuro says thats complete nonsense.)Every year, bacterial vaginosisan infection thats intimately linked to the vaginal microbiomeaffects about 30 percent of vagina-havers worldwide and costs health-care systems billions of dollars in doctor visits and treatment. BV is more common than yeast infectionsits responsible for 40 to 50 percent of diagnosed vaginitis infectionsand its tied to both preterm births and HIV infection. (Studies show that BV increases the risk of HIV infection in women by 60 percent.) BVwhich has symptoms such as thin discharge and the occasional fishy smellis often trivialized by the scientific community, says Sycuro, because its not fatal. But its still a hugely disruptive hassle that causes discomfort and, unfortunately, the unwarranted shame that many women feel or associate with their genitalia.BV isnt the only culprit causing issues under our undies, of course. Yeast infections are to blame for another 20 to 25 percent of vaginitis casesbut they arent bacterial, theyre fungal. These infections are caused by yeast overgrowth, and are accompanied by thicker discharge and the occasional itching or burning sensation.And as for those dreaded burn-when-you-pee urinary tract infections, rather than an internal imbalance, they can be caused by a pathogen from the GI tractlike E. coligetting into the urethra and bladder.Unlike yeast infections, for which you can get over-the-counter anti-fungal creams, treatments for BV are limiteda prescription for antibiotics is the only option, and it comes with its own slew of potential issues. Once [patients] are in that loop, every time they take antibiotics, they have a 50 percent chance of needing the antibiotics again within six to 12 months, says Sycuro. Antibiotic over-prescription can also increase a persons anti-microbial resistance and alter their gut microbiome diversity. Translation? These medications clear out the bad guys, but they dont necessarily restore perfect balance, and sometimes the bad guys return. Patients end up back at square one, taking more pills that further disrupt the vaginal microbiome.

The cancer connection

Research is underway to examine the vaginal microbiomes role in protecting against sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea and HIV: Sycuros lab is currently studying whether chlamydia bacteria can attach better to a receptor when certain other bacteria are present. This is especially important because some research findings suggest that chlamydia is associated with a higher risk of ovarian cancer.Compared to, say, prostate cancer, says Sycuro, female-specific diseases such as ovarian, uterine and cervical cancers are understudied, and harder to detect at early stages. While prostate cancer can be detected early through blood tests, women dont have that luxury when it comes to ovarian and uterine cancer: An estimated 1,950 of the 3,000 Canadian women diagnosed with ovarian cancer in 2022 were predicted to die, according to the Canadian Cancer Society, mostly due to it being caught too late. (Pap tests only help detect cervical cancer.)

Whats next on the horizon

When it comes to long-term solutions to chronic BV, Sycuro says there is a glimmer of hope. Inspired by fecal transplants used to improve digestive health, scientists are experimenting with transplanting fluid from healthy vaginas into ones with chronic BV. This procedure is still in the clinical trial phase, with research underway in places like the Kwon Lab in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Sycuro estimates it might take another decade for the process to become widely accessible. In the meantime, we need to dodge the savvy marketing behind iffy products that try to fill that medical void and claim to support vaginal wellness.Next: Whats With All the Vaginal Creams, Wipes and Gummies?

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What’s With All the Vaginal Creams, Wipes and Gummies?

Caitlin Stall-Pacquet — Tue, 18 Apr 2023 11:00:41 +0000

Kourtney Kardashian recently stepped into this spotlight with a cat-themed marketing campaign designed to convince us that we need to treat our vaginas like a candy store. (HercringeLemme Purr gummies, which are ingested orally, are supposed to support the health of the vagina and make it taste sweeter.)Miracle cures for vaginal imbalances can essentially go unchecked and are still mostly snake oil, Sycuro says. We dont have regulatory bodies that mandate [they] have evidence.The vast majority of creams, sprays and douches are great marketing, and terrible for womens health, because they disrupt the normal balance, adds Money.Our experts blanket recommendations: Stop watching TikTok videos, leave your crotch alone to self-clean (like an oven!) and dont let Gwyneth Paltrow or reality TV stars convince you to put anything up there, jade egg or otherwise.Don’t bother withProbiotic supplements ingested to increase beneficial bacteria in the vaginaThe clinical trials havent been a smashing success yet, says Sycuromeaning anything selling itself as a vaginal microbiome health miracle pill, or claiming to make our private parts fresher, is premature.Do considerBoric acid suppository to balance vaginal acidityThis is one treatment in which Money sees some value, though with a few caveats. Boric acid actually can be quite good as a suppressant of yeast infections and recurrent bacterial vaginosis, she says. But, she emphasizes, you need to seek a professional diagnosis rather than just a Google search resultand get a prescription rather than going DIY.Definitely skipVaginal steaming with herb-infused waterAt this point, you might have a hunch that this is a no-no. Though people use vaginal steaming to allegedly tighten and freshen up the area, overheating your genitals can help bacteria thrive, leading to infections. The cells of the skin on your face [are] dead and hard, and you want to slough them off. But the ones on the surface of the vagina are softer and partially alive […] and vaginal steaming can definitely change how protective and healthy that tissue is, says Sycuro.Please don’t tryYogurtYes, patients do ask Money about smearing yogurt directly into the vagina as a natural probiotic. Her response? Its a great food. Eat it for breakfast and leave it at that.Next: A Field Guide to Your Vaginal Microbiome

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What Can At-Home DIY Test Kits Tell Us About Our Vaginas?

Caitlin Stall-Pacquet — Tue, 18 Apr 2023 11:00:05 +0000

The self-swab test kit Evvy (currently only available in the U.S., at evvy.com) is designed to help women know whats up down there, providing a breakdown of the vaginas bacteria and fungi composition. Evvy highlights the gap in womens health care with taglines like the female body shouldnt be a medical mystery, and tells users theyll be able to catch imbalances before they become infections.How does it work? Users swab themselves and send in the sample for a full analysis, which they receive through an app, along with a game plan of recommendations. Customers can also elect to receive a follow-up call with a certified health coach.(Related: Whats With All the Vaginal Creams, Wipes and Gummies?)Like many femtech innovations, the product definitely taps into an unmet need. But at $129 USD per kit, plus an optional subscription model for follow-up tests and care, the company also makes a pretty penny trying to fill that gap. This allows wealthier women to believe they have a better knowledge of their microbial makeup, but provides few ways to put that information to good use. Plus, theres the subtle suggestion that this is yet another female body part we should feel insecure about. (Wait, should I be more worried about my vagina?)Deborah Money questions the kits usefulness. If you actually have a problem, then you need a diagnosis and a treatment, she says. And if women who complete the kit are ultimately told to talk to their doctors anyway, she worries users are wasting money and time, instead of seeing an OB/GYN in the first place.Laura Sycuro has a theory: Whats at the heart of [this] is women not feeling safe, listened to or validated by their care providers, she says. The fact that we dont feel seen by doctors opens the door for our bodies to be turned into a profit opportunity. Private companies have created countless overpriced for her personal products, but more dangerous than pink-washed soaps and razors is the fact that we remain understudied in many ways, and that includes a lack of understanding how certain diseases can manifest differently in women.Next: A Field Guide to Your Vaginal Microbiome

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How to Make Egg Fried Rice (And Use Up Fridge Leftovers)

Pailin Chongchitnant — Mon, 17 Apr 2023 17:01:40 +0000

Fried rice is for Thai people what pizza is for North Americans: a standard base that you can then top with just about anything, making it the ideal dish for using up leftover bits of meat and veg. But unlike pizza, fried rice is easy and fast to make! A basic fried rice recipe such as this one is a good tool to have in your back pocket, and it will work with any protein, even strongly flavored ones. We dont usually add veggies to our basic fried rice, but to serve it Thai style, youve got to have fresh cucumber slices, a lime wedge, and some prik nam pla on the side!

Leftover Anything Fried Rice

Kao Pad Kong Leua |

Serves 2Cook time: 5 minutes

Ingredients

2 tablespoons (30 ml) neutral oil
6 cloves (30 g) garlic, chopped
2 large eggs
2 cups (375 g) cooked jasmine rice (see sidebar on p. 203)
1 tablespoon (15 ml) soy sauce, preferably Thai (use a bit less if your leftovers are salty)
2 teaspoons (10 ml) fish sauce
1 teaspoon (5 ml) granulated sugar
teaspoon (1 ml) ground white pepper
4.6 ounces (130 g) leftover protein, shredded or chopped
1 green onion and/or 4 to 6 sprigs cilantro, chopped

For serving

English cucumber slices Lime wedges
Prik nam pla (fish sauce & chilies condiment)

Directions

Place a wok on medium heat and add the oil and garlic. Once the garlic bubbles, stir for 1 to 2 minutes, until the smallest pieces start to turn golden.Add the eggs, scramble slightly, then let them set about halfway before stirring to break up the pieces.Turn the heat up to high, then add the rice, soy sauce, fish sauce, sugar, and pepper; toss to distribute the sauce evenly.Add the protein and toss to mix, then let the rice sit without stirring for 10 to 15 seconds so that it can toast and develop some browning and flavor. Toss to mix and repeat this toasting step a few more times. Turn off the heat, then taste and adjust the seasoning.Toss in the green onions and/or cilantro to taste, then plate and garnish with more fresh herbs, if desired. Serve with cucumber slices, lime wedges, and some prik nam pla, if you wish.Tip 1: Use Those Drippings! I first used this recipe with leftover supermarket rotisserie chicken, and if youve ever had rotisserie chicken, youll know that at the bottom of the container lie delicious chicken juices. And the same might be true with whatever leftover meats you havedrippings or juices sitting at the bottom of the plate. This is liquid gold that should absolutely go into your fried rice. However, be mindful of how salty the liquid is, and cut down on the soy sauce or fish sauce accordingly. Also, dont add more than 2 to 3 tablespoons (30 to 45 ml) liquid for this recipe, so as to not make it too wet.Tip 2: Old, cold rice for fried rice is great, but you dont need it. If cooking fresh rice, wash the rice at least three times, until the water runs clear, then use a little bit less water to cook it than you normally would (I do a one-to-one ratio for jasmine rice). If you have time, spread the rice out onto a plate to let it dry out before cooking. I also recommend weighing the cooked rice for accuracy, but if measuring by cup, press the rice in just enough so there arent any big gaps, but do not pack it tightly. Finally, if you dont have a large wok, I recommend cooking in two batches to maximize rice toasting, though you can cook all the protein at once.Excerpted from Sabai by Pailin Chongchitnant. Copyright 2023 Pailin Chongchitnant. Photographs by Janis Nicolay. Published by Appetite by Random House, a division of Penguin Random House Canada Limited. Reproduced by arrangement with the Publisher. All rights reserved.Next: 3 Cozy, Delicious Thai Recipes to Try at Home

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When Was the Last Time You Donated Blood?

Danielle Groen — Fri, 14 Apr 2023 13:15:40 +0000

In June 2022, our national supply of blood was at its lowest in a decade. Thats especially worrying when the inventory has such a short shelf life: six weeks for red blood cells, and just five to seven days for platelets, the tiny cell fragments that help with clotting.Giving blood can be challenging for all sorts of reasons, from the needle itself to the hour-long time commitment to the fact that Canadian Blood Services (CBS) restricts who can donate. Residual fears over the possibility of HIV transmission through transfusions meant that, until 2016, people who were born or had lived in certain African countries, including Nigeria and Chad, were prevented from donating blood, while men who have sex with men had to contend with revolving restrictions, from an outright ban that lasted until 2013 to various abstinence requirements (five years, one year, three months) before last September. As HIV-detection tests improved, and the tests became cheaper and more readily available, these bans became difficult to defend, and CBS has finally scrapped asking questions about gender or sexual orientation. Now, all potential donors are asked to wait at least three months after having anal sex with a new partner (or multiple) before they donate.Evidence has evolved, test technology has advanced and, at the same time, awareness of the importance of an inclusive blood system has increased, says Jennie Haw, a social scientist at the CBS whose research includes non-donor, donor and donation policy and the social and political contexts of donation.Here, Hawexplains why the start of the pandemic was such a banner time for giving blood, why it matters to have donors from a diverse range of ethnic and genealogic communities and why our supply problem probably wont be fixed by handing donors a VR headset.

Lets start with a big one: Why do we need people to donate blood?

So that we have blood and blood products for patients who need it. That can be because of accidents or in trauma care; it can be for many kinds of surgery. There are also conditions for which regular blood transfusion or red-cell exchange is necessary for treatment. Canada has said were going to have a voluntary, unpaid system. And so to meet the needs of patients, we need people to donate blood.

What actually brings people through the door to donate?

When you ask donors why they donate blood, the vast majority say its because they want to help someone else. There is a psychological phenomenon called a warm-glow effect, where people feel good because theyve done something good. Another motivation has to do with social recognition: Its something thats valued in ones community; its considered to have social capital. And then theres a kind of reciprocitysomeone might know someone who needed blood, so they want to contribute, too.

At the very start of the pandemic, there was a surge in blood donations in Canada. Do crises tend to galvanize people?

Absolutely. Across most national emergencies, youll see an upswing in people wanting to help. In the States, after 9/11, there was a massive outpouring of people donating blood, and I know when there are bushfires in Australia, people turn out as well. A colleague and I did a small study in the early days of the pandemic to understand the experiences of people coming out to donate. We found that, for a lot of donors, this was an important opportunity for them to be able to actually interact safely with people who werent in their household. Maintaining community was important to them, and this was a way to do that.

Why dont people donate? What makes it a challengeor makes it unappealingfor them?

Right now, as restrictions have loosened, I think people have other activities they could be involved in. But more broadly, its a really interesting puzzle, and an area where I think we need more research. Its definitely easier to ask someone why do you do this? than it is to understand a phenomenon where something isnt being done. One way to study why people dont donate is to look at barriers to donation. It could be a lack of knowledge of the process of blood donationso not quite understanding how to register, what happens when blood is drawn, what happens to the blood afterward. There can be barriers at a personal level, like a fear of needles. And then there can be systemic barriers, like a lack of trust with the blood operator and a lack of trust with the health-care system, which extends to a lack of trust in the blood system.

There have also been outright bans on certain donorsfor example, men who have sex with men, or, up until 2016, anyone born in specific African countries. What impact did those restrictions have on donor engagement?

I havent studied that restriction specifically, but sometimes when eligibility criteria change, people dont necessarily know and it can take time for people affected to be aware of that change.

But when CBS changes a policy about donation, shouldnt it be responsible for outreach to the people affected?

This is kind of outside the scope of the work I do. But I think any institution or organization asking for people to come and participate voluntarily would want to make sure that the general public knows when there are changes to eligibility criteria.

Why is it important to have donors from different backgrounds?

For a condition like sickle cell disease, one of the treatments is regular blood transfusion or red-cell exchange. And for people who have more rare blood types or are frequently transfused, the closer the blood type matches with the donor, the better the health outcomes. Because blood antigens are inherited, youre more likely to find a close blood-type match with someone who shares an ethnic ancestry. This doesnt mean that you can only donate to someone of the same ethnic ancestrybut the more ethnically diverse the donor base, the better positioned Canadian Blood Services is to find close matches for the very diverse population that they serve.

How can we make donor screening as inclusive as possible?

It takes a multidisciplinary approach and a team of people to move donor screening toward inclusivity in a safe way. It requires clinicians and epidemiologists to look at the various risk factors and how to ensure the safety of the blood supply. Plus social scientists to examine the questions asked to be sure they are understandable and accessible. For example, in September, a change was made to ask about sexual behaviour regardless of gender or sexual orientation, and to be more inclusive of gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men. But its a big challenge. And there isnt necessarily a one-size-fits-all answer.

What about just paying people for their blood?

I know theres research being done on incentives to donation, and paying donors is one of those options. I dont know what the impact of paying donors would be.

Speaking of incentives: Las Vegas just introduced a virtual-reality experience for donors. Maybe Canadian Blood Services wants to look into that?

I didnt know about Las Vegas incorporating VR, but if it was going to happen somewhere, itd be Vegas. Its important to keep in mind that the U.S. has a very different system than we have here in Canada. There has been some research looking into whether providing donors with added informationlike their cholesterol levels or blood pressuremakes a difference in donor retention, and I think the jury was out on that. I can see how exciting, attractive measures might help a very pressing blood shortage in the moment. But understanding peoples motivations and the social norms underpinning a voluntary blood-donation systemits just a vast area of research. I dont think its going to be solved through VR.Next: How Mental Illness Shapes Our Identities

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